Carvykti
(ciltacabtagene autoleucel)Dosage & Administration
For autologous use only. For intravenous use only.
Get Your Patient on Carvykti
Carvykti Prescribing Information
WARNING: CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME, NEUROLOGIC TOXICITIES, HLH/MAS, PROLONGED and RECURRENT CYTOPENIA, and SECONDARY HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES
See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning.
- Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS), including fatal or life-threatening reactions, occurred in patients following treatment with CARVYKTI. Do not administer CARVYKTI to patients with active infection or inflammatory disorders. Treat severe or life-threatening CRS with tocilizumab or tocilizumab and corticosteroids. ( 2.2, 2.3, 5.2)
- Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS), which may be fatal or life-threatening, occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI, including before CRS onset, concurrently with CRS, after CRS resolution, or in the absence of CRS. Monitor for neurologic events after treatment with CARVYKTI. Provide supportive care and/or corticosteroids as needed. ( 2.2, 2.3, 5.3)
- Parkinsonism and Guillain-Barré syndrome and their associated complications resulting in fatal or life-threatening reactions have occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI. ( 5.3)
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis/Macrophage Activation Syndrome (HLH/MAS), including fatal and life-threatening reactions, occurred in patients following treatment with CARVYKTI. HLH/MAS can occur with CRS or neurologic toxicities. ( 5.4)
- Prolonged and/or recurrent cytopenias with bleeding and infection and requirement for stem cell transplantation for hematopoietic recovery occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI. ( 5.6)
- Secondary hematological malignancies, including myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, have occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI. T-cell malignancies have occurred following treatment of hematologic malignancies with BCMA- and CD19-directed genetically modified autologous T-cell immunotherapies, including CARVYKTI. ( 5.10)
- CARVYKTI is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the CARVYKTI REMS. ( 5.5)
CARVYKTI (ciltacabtagene autoleucel) is a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed genetically modified autologous T cell immunotherapy indicated for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, who have received at least 1 prior line of therapy, including a proteasome inhibitor and an immunomodulatory agent, and are refractory to lenalidomide.
For autologous use only. For intravenous use only.
Dose
CARVYKTI is provided as a single dose for infusion containing a suspension of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-positive viable T cells in one infusion bag.
The recommended dose range is 0.5–1.0×10 6CAR-positive viable T cells per kg of body weight, with a maximum dose of 1×10 8CAR-positive viable T cells per single infusion.
Administration
CARVYKTI is for autologous use only. The patient's identity must match the patient identifiers on the CARVYKTI cassette and infusion bag. Do not infuse CARVYKTI if the information on the patient-specific labels does not match the intended patient.
Preparing the Patient for CARVYKTI Infusion
Confirm availability of CARVYKTI prior to starting the lymphodepleting chemotherapy regimen.
Pretreatment
Administer the lymphodepleting chemotherapy regimen: cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m 2intravenously (IV) and fludarabine 30 mg/m 2IV daily for 3 days.
See the prescribing information of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine for information on dose adjustment in renal impairment.
Lymphodepleting regimen must be delayed if a patient has serious adverse reactions from preceding bridging therapies (including clinically significant active infection, cardiac toxicity, and pulmonary toxicity) or active graft versus host disease in patient with prior allogeneic stem cell transplant. Consider repeating lymphodepleting regimen if CARVYKTI dosing is delayed by more than 14 days and patient has recovered from toxicity of the first lymphodepleting regimen.
Administer CARVYKTI infusion 2 to 4 days after the completion of the lymphodepleting chemotherapy regimen.
CARVYKTI infusion should be delayed if a patient has any of the following conditions:
- Clinically significant active infection or inflammatory disorders.
- Grade ≥3 non-hematologic toxicities of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine conditioning, except for Grade 3 nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation. CARVYKTI infusion should be delayed until resolution of these events to Grade ≤1.
Premedication
Administer the following pre-infusion medications to all patients 30 – 60 minutes prior to CARVYKTI infusion:
- Antipyretics (oral or intravenous acetaminophen 650 to 1000 mg).
- Antihistamine (oral or intravenous diphenhydramine 25 to 50 mg or equivalent).
Avoid prophylactic use of systemic corticosteroids because their use may interfere with the activity of CARVYKTI.
Receipt of CARVYKTI
- All sites approved for infusion will support required storage conditions for vapor phase of liquid nitrogen.
- CARVYKTI is shipped directly to the cell laboratory or clinical pharmacy associated with the infusion center in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen shipper.
- Confirm the patient's identity with the patient identifiers on the shipper.
- If the patient is not expected to be ready for same-day administration, before the shipper expires, transfer CARVYKTI to onsite vapor phase of liquid nitrogen storage.
Preparation of CARVYKTI for Infusion
Do not thaw the product until it is ready to be used. Coordinate the timing of CARVYKTI thaw and infusion. Confirm the infusion time in advance and adjust the start time for thaw so that CARVYKTI is available for infusion when the patient is ready. Once thawed, the CARVYKTI infusion must be completed within 2.5 hours at room/ambient temperature (20°C to 25°C).
Prior to thawing the product, confirm that tocilizumab and emergency equipment are available prior to the infusion and during the recovery period.
- Confirm patient identity: Prior to CARVYKTI preparation, match the patient's identity with the patient identifiers on the CARVYKTI cassette. Do not remove the CARVYKTI infusion bag from the cassette if the information on the patient-specific label does not match the intended patient. Contact Janssen Biotech, Inc.at 1-800-526-7736if there are any discrepancies between the labels and the patient identifiers.
- Once patient identification is confirmed, remove the CARVYKTI product bag from the cassette and check that the patient information on the cassette label matches the patient information on the bag label.
- Inspect the product bag for any breaches of container integrity, such as breaks or cracks before and after thawing. Do not administer if the bag is compromised, and contact Janssen Biotech, Inc.at 1-800-526-7736.
- Place the infusion bag inside a sealable plastic bag (preferably sterile) prior to thawing.
- Thaw CARVYKTI at 37°C±2°C using either a water bath or dry thaw method until there is no visible ice in the infusion bag. Total time from start of thaw until completion of thawing should be no more than 15 minutes.
- Remove the infusion bag from the sealable plastic bag and wipe dry. Gently mix the contents of the bag to disperse clumps of cellular material. If visible cell clumps remain, continue to gently mix the contents of the bag. Small clumps of cellular material should disperse with gentle manual mixing. Do not pre-filter into a different container, wash, spin down, or resuspend CARVYKTI in new media prior to infusion.
- Do not re-freeze or refrigerate thawed product.
Administration
- For autologous infusion only.
- Do NOT use a leukocyte-depleting filter.
- Ensure that a minimum of two doses of tocilizumab and emergency equipment are available prior to infusion and during the recovery period.
- Central venous access may be utilized for the infusion of CARVYKTI and is encouraged in patients with poor peripheral access.
- Confirm the patient's identity with the patient identifiers on the infusion bag. Do not infuse CARVYKTI if the information on the patient-specific label does not match the intended patient.
- Prime the tubing of the infusion set with normal saline prior to infusion.
- Once thawed, administer the entire contents of the CARVYKTI bag by intravenous infusion within 2.5 hours using infusion sets fitted with an in-line filter.
- Gently mix the contents of the bag during CARVYKTI infusion to disperse cell clumps.
- After the entire content of the product bag is infused, flush the administration line, inclusive of the in-line filter, with normal saline with a volume equal or greater to the total hold up volume of the primary administration set used inclusive of the drip tube, to ensure that all product is delivered.
CARVYKTI contains human blood cells that are genetically modified with replication-incompetent, self-inactivating, lentiviral vector. Follow universal precautions and local biosafety guidelines for handling and disposal of CARVYKTI to avoid potential transmission of infectious diseases.
Monitoring After Infusion
Administer CARVYKTI at a REMS-certified healthcare facility.
Monitor patients at least daily for 10 days following CARVYKTI infusion at a certified healthcare facility for signs and symptoms of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurologic toxicities. Monitor periodically for 4 weeks for signs and symptoms of delayed neurologic toxicity.
Instruct patients to remain within proximity of a certified healthcare facility for at least 4 weeks following infusion.
Instruct patients to refrain from driving or hazardous activities for at least 8 weeks following infusion.
Management of Severe Adverse Reactions
Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS)
Identify CRS based on clinical presentation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] . Evaluate for and treat other causes of fever, hypoxia and hypotension. Consider laboratory testing to monitor for disseminated intravascular coagulation, hematology parameters, as well as pulmonary, cardiac, renal, and hepatic function. If CRS is suspected, manage according to the recommendations in Table 1.
Patients who experience CRS should be closely monitored for cardiac and other organ function until resolution of symptoms. Consider anti-seizure prophylaxis with levetiracetam in patients who experience CRS.
Patients who experience Grade 2 or higher CRS (e.g., hypotension not responsive to fluids, or hypoxia requiring supplemental oxygenation) should be monitored with continuous telemetry and pulse oximetry.
For severe or life-threatening CRS, consider intensive care unit level monitoring and supportive therapy.
For CRS refractory to first line interventions such as tocilizumab or tocilizumab and corticosteroids, consider alternate treatment options (i.e., higher corticosteroid dose, alternative anti-cytokine agents, e.g., anti-IL1 and/or anti-TNFα, anti-T cell therapies). Refractory CRS is characterized by fevers, end-organ toxicity (e.g., hypoxia, hypotension) not improving within 12 hours of first line interventions or development of HLH/MAS.
If concurrent neurologic toxicity is suspected during CRS, administer:
- Corticosteroids according to the more aggressive intervention based on the CRS and neurologic toxicity grades in Tables 1 and 2
- Tocilizumab according to the CRS grade in Table 1
- Anti-seizure medication according to the neurologic toxicity in Table 2
| CRS Grade * | Tocilizumab †/ Corticosteroids ‡ |
|---|---|
| |
| Grade 1 | |
| Temperature ≥38°C § | In patients with:
Corticosteroids: N/A |
| Grade 2 | |
| Symptoms require and respond to moderate intervention. Temperature ≥38°C §with: Hypotension not requiring vasopressors, and/or, Hypoxia requiring oxygen via cannula Þor blow-by, or, Grade 2 organ toxicity. ¶ | Administer tocilizumab 8 mg/kg IV over 1 hour (not to exceed 800 mg). Repeat tocilizumab every 8 hours as needed if not responsive to intravenous fluids up to 1 liter or increasing supplemental oxygen. Consider dexamethasone 10 mg IV every 12–24 hours. If no improvement within 24 hours or rapid progression, repeat tocilizumab and escalate dose and frequency of dexamethasone (20 mg IV every 6 to 12 hours). If no improvement within 24 hours or continued rapid progression, switch to methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg IV every 12 hours. After 2 doses of tocilizumab, consider alternative anti-cytokine agents. # Do not exceed 3 doses of tocilizumab in 24 hours, or 4 doses in total. |
| Grade 3 | |
| Symptoms require and respond to aggressive intervention. Temperature ≥38°C §with: Hypotension requiring one vasopressor with or without vasopressin, and/or, Hypoxia requiring oxygen via high-flow nasal cannula Þ, facemask, non-rebreather mask, or Venturi mask, or, Grade 3 organ toxicity or Grade 4 transaminitis. | Administer tocilizumab 8 mg/kg IV over 1 hour (not to exceed 800 mg). Repeat tocilizumab every 8 hours as needed if not responsive to intravenous fluids up to 1 liter or increasing supplemental oxygen. Consider dexamethasone 10 mg IV every 12 hours. If no improvement within 24 hours or rapid progression, repeat tocilizumab and escalate dose and frequency of dexamethasone (20 mg IV every 6 to 12 hours). If no improvement within 24 hours or continued rapid progression, switch to methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg IV every 12 hours. After 2 doses of tocilizumab, consider alternative anti-cytokine agents. # Do not exceed 3 doses of tocilizumab in 24 hours, or 4 doses in total. |
| Grade 4 | |
| Life-threatening symptoms. Requirements for ventilator support, continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD). Temperature ≥38°C §with: Hypotension requiring multiple vasopressors (excluding vasopressin), and/or, Hypoxia requiring positive pressure (e.g., CPAP, BiPAP, intubation, and mechanical ventilation), or, Grade 4 organ toxicity (excluding transaminitis). | Administer tocilizumab 8 mg/kg IV over 1 hour (not to exceed 800 mg). Repeat tocilizumab every 8 hours as needed if not responsive to intravenous fluids up to 1 liter or increasing supplemental oxygen. Administer dexamethasone 20 mg IV every 6 hours. After 2 doses of tocilizumab, consider alternative anti-cytokine agents #. Do not exceed 3 doses of tocilizumab in 24 hours, or 4 doses in total. If no improvement within 24 hours, consider methylprednisolone (1–2 g IV, repeat every 24 hours if needed; taper as clinically indicated) or other immunosuppressants (e.g. other anti-T cell therapies). |
Neurologic Toxicities
Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of neurologic toxicities (ICANS and other neurologic toxicities) (Table 2). Rule out other causes of neurologic signs or symptoms. Provide intensive care and supportive therapy for severe or life-threatening neurologic toxicities. Please see section 5.3for non ICANS neurologic toxicities. If ICANS is suspected, manage according to the recommendations in Table 2.
If concurrent CRS is suspected during the neurologic toxicity event, administer:
- Corticosteroids according to the more aggressive intervention based on the CRS and neurologic toxicity grades in Tables 1 and 2
- Tocilizumab according to CRS grade in Table 1
- Anti-seizure medication according to neurologic toxicity in Table 2
| ICANS Grade * | Corticosteroids |
|---|---|
| Note: ICANS grade and management is determined by the most severe event (ICE score, level of consciousness, seizure, motor findings, raised ICP/cerebral edema), not attributable to any other cause. | |
| |
| Grade 1 ICE score 7–9 † or depressed level of consciousness: awakens spontaneously. | Consider dexamethasone ‡10 mg IV every 12 to 24 hours for 2 to 3 days. Consider non-sedating, anti-seizure medicines (e.g., levetiracetam) for seizure prophylaxis. |
| Grade 2 ICE score-3–6 † or depressed level of consciousness: awakens to voice | Administer dexamethasone ‡10 mg IV every 12 hours for 2–3 days, or longer for persistent symptoms. Consider steroid taper if total corticosteroid exposure is greater than 3 days. If no improvement after 24 hours or worsening of neurologic toxicity, increase the dose and/or frequency of dexamethasone up to a maximum of 20 mg IV every 6 hours. Consider non-sedating, anti-seizure medicines (e.g., levetiracetam) for seizure prophylaxis. |
| Grade 3 ICE score-0–2 † (If ICE score is 0, but the patient is arousable (e.g., awake with global aphasia) and able to perform assessment) or depressed level of consciousness: awakens only to tactile stimulus, or seizures, either:
| Administer dexamethasone ‡10 mg–20 mg IV every 6 hours. If no improvement after 24 hours or worsening of neurologic toxicity, escalate dexamethasone ‡dose to at least 20 mg IV every 6 hours, OR escalate to high-dose methylprednisolone (1–2 g/day, repeat every 24 hours if needed; taper as clinically indicated) Consider non-sedating, anti-seizure medicines (e.g., levetiracetam) for seizure prophylaxis. If cerebral edema is suspected, consider hyperventilation and hyperosmolar therapy. Give high-dose methylprednisolone (1–2 g, repeat every 24 hours if needed; taper as clinically indicated). |
| Grade 4 ICE score-0 †(Patient is unarousable and unable to perform ICE assessment) or depressed level of consciousness either:
| Administer dexamethasone ‡20 mg IV every 6 hours. If no improvement after 24 hours or worsening of neurologic toxicity, escalate to high-dose methylprednisolone (1–2 g/day, repeated every 24 hours if needed; taper as clinically indicated). Consider non-sedating, anti-seizure medicines (e.g., levetiracetam) for seizure prophylaxis. If raised ICP/cerebral edema is suspected, consider hyperventilation and hyperosmolar therapy. Give high-dose methylprednisolone (1–2 g/day, repeat every 24 hours if needed; taper as clinically indicated), and consider neurology and/or neurosurgery consultation. |
CARVYKTI is a cell suspension for intravenous infusion.
A single dose of CARVYKTI contains a cell suspension of 0.5–1.0×10 6CAR-positive viable T cells per kg body weight in one infusion bag up to a maximum of 1×10 8CAR-positive viable T cells [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16)] .
Pregnancy
Risk Summary
There are no available data on the use of CARVYKTI in pregnant women. No reproductive and developmental toxicity studies in animals have been conducted with CARVYKTI to assess whether it can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. It is not known whether CARVYKTI has the potential to be transferred to the fetus and cause fetal toxicity. Based on the mechanism of action, if the transduced cells cross the placenta, they may cause fetal toxicity, including B-cell lymphocytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia. Therefore, CARVYKTI is not recommended for women who are pregnant, or for women of childbearing potential not using contraception. Pregnant women should be advised that there may be risks to the fetus. Pregnancy after CARVYKTI therapy should be discussed with the treating physician.
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2%–4% and 15%–20%, respectively.
Lactation
Risk Summary
There is no information regarding the presence of CARVYKTI in human milk, the effect on the breastfed infant, and the effects on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for CARVYKTI and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from CARVYKTI or from the underlying maternal condition.
Females and Males of Reproductive Potential
Pregnancy Testing
Pregnancy status for females of child-bearing age should be verified prior to starting treatment with CARVYKTI.
Contraception
There are insufficient data to provide a recommendation concerning duration of contraception following treatment with CARVYKTI.
In clinical trials, female patients of childbearing potential were advised to practice a highly effective method of contraception and male patients with partners of childbearing potential or whose partners were pregnant were instructed to use a barrier method of contraception, until one year after the patient has received CARVYKTI infusion.
See the prescribing information for lymphodepleting chemotherapy for information on the need for contraception in patients who receive the lymphodepleting chemotherapy.
Infertility
There are no data on the effect of CARVYKTI on fertility.
Pediatric Use
Safety and effectiveness of CARVYKTI in pediatric patients have not been established.
Geriatric Use
Of the 97 patients in CARTITUDE-1 that received CARVYKTI, 28% were 65 to 75 years of age, and 8% were 75 years of age or older. CARTITUDE-1 did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 and older to determine whether the effectiveness differs compared with that of younger patients. In 62 patients less than 65 years of age, all grade and Grade 3 and higher neurologic toxicities occurred in 19% (12/62) and 6% (4/62), respectively. Of the 35 patients ≥65 years of age, all grade and Grade 3 and higher neurologic toxicities occurred in 37% (13/35) and 20% (7/35), respectively.
Of the 188 patients in CARTITUDE-4 that received CARVYKTI, 38% were 65 to 75 years of age, and 2% were 75 years of age or older. In 112 patients less than 65 years of age, all grade and Grade 3 and higher neurologic toxicities occurred in 16% (18/112) and 3% (3/112) respectively. Of the 76 patients ≥65 years of age, all grade and Grade 3 and higher neurologic toxicities occurred in 34% (26/76) and 7% (5/76) respectively.
None.
Increased Early Mortality
In CARTITUDE-4, a randomized (1:1), controlled trial, there was a numerically higher percentage of early deaths in patients randomized to the CARVYKTI treatment arm compared to the control arm. Among patients with deaths occurring within the first 10 months from randomization, a greater proportion (29/208; 14%) occurred in the CARVYKTI arm compared to (25/211; 12%) in the control arm [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Of the 29 deaths that occurred in the CARVYKTI arm within the first 10 months of randomization, 10 deaths occurred prior to CARVYKTI infusion, and 19 deaths occurred after CARVYKTI infusion. Of the 10 deaths that occurred prior to CARVYKTI infusion, all occurred due to disease progression, and none occurred due to adverse events. Of the 19 deaths that occurred after CARVYKTI infusion, 3 occurred due to disease progression, and 16 occurred due to adverse events. The most common adverse events were due to infection (n=12).
Cytokine Release Syndrome
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS), including fatal or life-threatening reactions, occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI. Among patients receiving CARVYKTI for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies (N=285), CRS occurred in 84% (238/285), including ≥ Grade 3 CRS (ASTCT 2019) in 4% (11/285) of patients. The median time to onset of CRS, any grade, was 7 days (range: 1 to 23 days). Cytokine release syndrome resolved in 82% with a median duration of 4 days (range: 1 to 97 days). The most common manifestations of CRS in all patients combined (≥ 10%) included fever (84%), hypotension (29%) and aspartate aminotransferase increased (11%). Serious events that may be associated with CRS include pyrexia, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, respiratory failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, capillary leak syndrome, and supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia [see Adverse Reactions (6.1].
Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 78% of patients in CARTITUDE-4 (3% Grade 3 to 4) and in 95% of patients in CARTITUDE-1 (4% Grade 3 to 4).
Identify CRS based on clinical presentation. Evaluate for and treat other causes of fever, hypoxia, and hypotension. CRS has been reported to be associated with findings of HLH/MAS, and the physiology of the syndromes may overlap. HLH/MAS is a potentially life-threatening condition. In patients with progressive symptoms of CRS or refractory CRS despite treatment, evaluate for evidence of HLH/MAS. Please see Section 5.4; Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)/Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS).
Ensure that a minimum of two doses of tocilizumab are available prior to infusion of CARVYKTI.
Of the 285 patients who received CARVYKTI in clinical trials, 53% (150/285) patients received tocilizumab; 35% (100/285) received a single dose, while 18% (50/285) received more than 1 dose of tocilizumab. Overall, 14% (39/285) of patients received at least one dose of corticosteroids for treatment of CRS.
Monitor patients at least daily for 10 days following CARVYKTI infusion at a REMS-certified healthcare facility for signs and symptoms of CRS. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms of CRS for at least 4 weeks after infusion. At the first sign of CRS, immediately institute treatment with supportive care, tocilizumab, or tocilizumab and corticosteroids, as indicated in Table 1 [see Dosing and Administration (2.3)] .
Counsel patients to seek immediate medical attention should signs or symptoms of CRS occur at any time [see Patient Counseling information (17)].
Neurologic Toxicities
Neurologic toxicities, which may be severe, life-threatening or fatal, occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI. Neurologic toxicities included ICANS, neurologic toxicity with signs and symptoms of parkinsonism, GBS, immune mediated myelitis, peripheral neuropathies and cranial nerve palsies. Counsel patients on the signs and symptoms of these neurologic toxicities, and on the delayed nature of onset of some of these toxicities. Instruct patients to seek immediate medical attention for further assessment and management if signs or symptoms of any of these neurologic toxicities occur at any time [see Patient Counseling Information (17)] .
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma, one or more neurologic toxicities occurred in 24% (69/285), including ≥ Grade 3 cases in 7% (19/285) of patients. The median time to onset was 10 days (range: 1 to 101) with 63/69 (91%) of cases developing by 30 days. Neurologic toxicities resolved in 72% (50/69) of patients with a median duration to resolution of 23 days (range: 1 to 544). Of patients developing neurotoxicity, 96% (66/69) also developed CRS. Subtypes of neurologic toxicities included ICANS in 13%, peripheral neuropathy in 7%, cranial nerve palsy in 7%, parkinsonism in 3%, and immune mediated-myelitis in 0.4% of the patients [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
Immune Effector Cell-associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS)
Patients receiving CARVYKTI may experience fatal or life-threatening ICANS following treatment with CARVYKTI, including before CRS onset, concurrently with CRS, after CRS resolution, or in the absence of CRS.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, ICANS occurred in 13% (36/285), including Grade ≥ 3 in 2% (6/285) of the patients. The median time to onset of ICANS was 8 days (range: 1 to 28 days). ICANS resolved in 30 of 36 (83%) of patients with a median time to resolution of 3 days (range: 1 to 143 days). The median duration of ICANS was 6 days (range: 1 to 1229 days) in all patients including those with ongoing neurologic events at the time of death or data cut off. Of patients with ICANS 97% (35/36) had CRS. The onset of ICANS occurred during CRS in 69% of patients, before and after the onset of CRS in 14% of patients respectively.
Immune Effector Cell-associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome occurred in 7% of patients in CARTITUDE-4 (0.5% Grade 3) and in 23% of patients in CARTITUDE-1 (3% Grade 3).
The most frequent ≥2% manifestations of ICANS included encephalopathy (12%), aphasia (4%), headache (3%), motor dysfunction (3%), ataxia (2%) and sleep disorder (2%) [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
Monitor patients at least daily for 10 days following CARVYKTI infusion at the REMS-certified healthcare facility for signs and symptoms of ICANS. Rule out other causes of ICANS symptoms. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms of ICANS for at least 4 weeks after infusion and treat promptly. Neurologic toxicity should be managed with supportive care and/or corticosteroids as needed [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)] .
Parkinsonism
Neurologic toxicity with parkinsonism has been reported in clinical trials of CARVYKTI.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, parkinsonism occurred in 3% (8/285), including Grade ≥ 3 in 2% (5/285) of the patients. The median time to onset of parkinsonism was 56 days (range: 14 to 914 days). Parkinsonism resolved in 1 of 8 (13%) of patients with a median time to resolution of 523 days. The median duration of parkinsonism was 243.5 days (range: 62 to 720 days) in all patients including those with ongoing neurologic events at the time of death or data cut off. The onset of parkinsonism occurred after CRS for all patients and after ICANS for 6 patients.
Parkinsonism occurred in 1% of patients in CARTITUDE-4 (no Grade 3 to 4) and in 6% of patients in CARTITUDE-1 (4% Grade 3 to 4).
The manifestations of parkinsonism included movement disorders, cognitive impairment, and personality changes [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of parkinsonism that may be delayed in onset and managed with supportive care measures. There is limited efficacy information with medications used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease for the improvement or resolution of parkinsonism symptoms following CARVYKTI treatment.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
A fatal outcome following GBS occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI despite treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins. Symptoms reported include those consistent with Miller-Fisher variant of GBS, encephalopathy, motor weakness, speech disturbances, and polyradiculoneuritis.
Monitor for GBS. Evaluate patients presenting with peripheral neuropathy for GBS. Consider treatment of GBS with supportive care measures and in conjunction with immunoglobulins and plasma exchange, depending on severity of GBS.
Immune Mediated Myelitis
Grade 3 myelitis occurred 25 days following treatment with CARVYKTI in CARTITUDE-4 in a patient who received CARVYKTI as subsequent therapy. Symptoms reported included hypoesthesia of the lower extremities and the lower abdomen with impaired sphincter control. Symptoms improved with the use of corticosteroids and intravenous immune globulin. Myelitis was ongoing at the time of death from other cause [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, peripheral neuropathy occurred in 7% (21/285), including Grade ≥ 3 in 1% (3/285) of the patients. The median time to onset of peripheral neuropathy was 57 days (range: 1 to 914 days). Peripheral neuropathy resolved in 11 of 21 (52%) of patients with a median time to resolution of 58 days (range: 1 to 215 days). The median duration of peripheral neuropathy was 149.5 days (range: 1 to 692 days) in all patients including those with ongoing neurologic events at the time of death or data cut off [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
Peripheral neuropathies occurred in 7% of patients in CARTITUDE-4 (0.5% Grade 3 to 4) and in 7% of patients in CARTITUDE-1 (2% Grade 3 to 4).
Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathies.
Patients who experience peripheral neuropathy may also experience cranial nerve palsies or GBS.
Cranial Nerve Palsies
Cranial nerve palsies occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, cranial nerve palsies occurred in 7% (19/285), including Grade ≥ 3 in 1% (1/285) of the patients. The median time to onset of cranial nerve palsies was 21 days (range: 17 to 101 days). Cranial nerve palsies resolved in 17 of 19 (89%) of patients with a median time to resolution of 66 days (range: 1 to 209 days). The median duration of cranial nerve palsies was 70 days (range: 1 to 262 days) in all patients including those with ongoing neurologic events at the time of death or data cut off [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
Cranial nerve palsies occurred in 9% of patients in CARTITUDE-4 (1% Grade 3 to 4) and in 3% of patients in CARTITUDE-1 (1% Grade 3 to 4).
The most frequent cranial nerve affected was the 7 thcranial nerve. Additionally, cranial nerves III, V, and VI have been reported to be affected.
Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of cranial nerve palsies. Consider management with systemic corticosteroids, depending on the severity and progression of signs and symptoms.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)/Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, HLH/MAS occurred in 1% (3/285) of patients. All events of HLH/MAS had onset within 99 days of receiving CARVYKTI, with a median onset of 10 days (range: 8 to 99 days) and all occurred in the setting of ongoing or worsening CRS. The manifestations of HLH/MAS included hyperferritinemia, hypotension, hypoxia with diffuse alveolar damage, coagulopathy and hemorrhage, cytopenia and multi-organ dysfunction, including renal dysfunction and respiratory failure.
Patients who develop HLH/MAS have an increased risk of severe bleeding. Monitor hematologic parameters in patients with HLH/MAS and transfuse per institutional guidelines. Fatal cases of HLH/MAS occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
HLH is a life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate if not recognized and treated early. Treatment of HLH/MAS should be administered per institutional standards.
CARVYKTI REMS
Because of the risk of CRS and neurologic toxicities, CARVYKTI is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the CARVYKTI REMS [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.3)] . The required components of the CARVYKTI REMS are:
- Healthcare facilities that dispense and administer CARVYKTI must be enrolled and comply with the REMS requirements.
- Certified healthcare facilities must have on-site, immediate access to tocilizumab.
- Ensure that a minimum of 2 doses of tocilizumab are available for each patient for infusion within 2 hours after CARVYKTI infusion, if needed for treatment of CRS.
Further information is available at www.carvyktirems.com or 1-844-672-0067.
Prolonged and Recurrent Cytopenias
Patients may exhibit prolonged and recurrent cytopenias following lymphodepleting chemotherapy and CARVYKTI infusion.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, Grade 3 or higher cytopenias not resolved by day 30 following CARVYKTI infusion occurred in 62% (176/285) of the patients and included thrombocytopenia 33% (94/285), neutropenia 27% (76/285), lymphopenia 24% (67/285) and anemia 2% (6/285). After Day 60 following CARVYKTI infusion 22%, 20%, 5%, and 6% of patients had a recurrence of Grade 3 or 4 lymphopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia respectively, after initial recovery of their Grade 3 or 4 cytopenia. Seventy-seven percent (219/285) of patients had one, two or three or more recurrences of Grade 3 or 4 cytopenias after initial recovery of Grade 3 or 4 cytopenia. Sixteen and 25 patients had Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, respectively, at the time of death [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Monitor blood counts prior to and after CARVYKTI infusion. Manage cytopenias with growth factors and blood product transfusion support according to local institutional guidelines.
Infections
CARVYKTI should not be administered to patients with active infection or inflammatory disorders. Severe, life-threatening, or fatal infections, occurred in patients after CARVYKTI infusion.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, infections occurred in 57% (163/285), including ≥ Grade 3 in 24% (69/285) of patients. Grade 3 or 4 infections with an unspecified pathogen occurred in 12%, viral infections in 6%, bacterial infections in 5%, and fungal infections in 1% of patients. Overall, 5% (13/285) of patients had Grade 5 infections, 2.5% of which were due to COVID-19. Patients treated with CARVYKTI had an increased rate of fatal COVID-19 infections compared to the standard therapy arm [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of infection before and after CARVYKTI infusion and treat patients appropriately. Administer prophylactic, pre-emptive and/or therapeutic antimicrobials according to the standard institutional guidelines. Febrile neutropenia was observed in 5% of patients after CARVYKTI infusion and may be concurrent with CRS. In the event of febrile neutropenia, evaluate for infection and manage with broad-spectrum antibiotics, fluids and other supportive care, as medically indicated.
Counsel patients on the importance of prevention measures. Follow institutional guidelines for the vaccination and management of immunocompromised patients with COVID-19.
Viral Reactivation
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, in some cases resulting in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure and death, can occur in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia.
Perform screening for Cytomegalovirus (CMV), HBV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or any other infectious agents if clinically indicated in accordance with clinical guidelines before collection of cells for manufacturing.
Consider antiviral therapy to prevent viral reactivation per local institutional guidelines/clinical practice.
Hypogammaglobulinemia
Hypogammaglobulinemia can occur in patients receiving treatment with CARVYKTI.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, hypogammaglobulinemia adverse event was reported in 36% (102/285) of patients; laboratory IgG levels fell below 500 mg/dl after infusion in 93% (265/285) of patients. Hypogammaglobulinemia either as an adverse reaction or laboratory IgG level below 500 mg/dl, after infusion occurred in 94% (267/285) of patients treated. Fifty six percent (161/285) of patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) post CARVYKTI for either an adverse reaction or prophylaxis [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
Monitor immunoglobulin levels after treatment with CARVYKTI and administer IVIG for IgG <400 mg/dL. Manage per local institutional guidelines, including infection precautions and antibiotic or antiviral prophylaxis.
Use of Live Vaccines
The safety of immunization with live viral vaccines during or following CARVYKTI treatment has not been studied. Vaccination with live virus vaccines is not recommended for at least 6 weeks prior to the start of lymphodepleting chemotherapy, during CARVYKTI treatment, and until immune recovery following treatment with CARVYKTI.
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Hypersensitivity reactions occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 5% (13/285), all of which were ≤ Grade 2. Manifestations of hypersensitivity reactions included flushing, chest discomfort, tachycardia, wheezing, tremor, burning sensation, non-cardiac chest pain, and pyrexia.
Serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, may be due to the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in CARVYKTI. Patients should be carefully monitored for 2 hours after infusion for signs and symptoms of severe reaction. Treat promptly and manage patients appropriately according to the severity of the hypersensitivity reaction.
Secondary Malignancies
Patients treated with CARVYKTI may develop secondary malignancies.
Among patients receiving CARVYKTI in the CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 studies, myeloid neoplasms occurred in 5% (13/285) of patients (9 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome, 3 cases of acute myeloid leukemia, and 1 case of myelodysplastic syndrome followed by acute myeloid leukemia). The median time to onset of myeloid neoplasms was 447 days (range: 56 to 870 days) after treatment with CARVYKTI. Ten of these 13 patients died following the development of myeloid neoplasms; 2 of the 13 cases of myeloid neoplasm occurred after initiation of subsequent antimyeloma therapy. Cases of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia have also been reported in the post marketing setting.
T-cell malignancies have occurred following treatment of hematologic malignancies with BCMA- and CD19-directed genetically modified autologous T-cell immunotherapies, including CARVYKTI. Mature T-cell malignancies, including CAR-positive tumors, may present as soon as weeks following infusions, and may include fatal outcomes [see Boxed Warning, Adverse Reactions (6.1, 6.3), Patient Counseling Information (17)] .
Monitor life-long for secondary malignancies. In the event that a secondary malignancy occurs, contact Janssen Biotech, Inc. at 1-800-526-7736 for reporting and to obtain instructions on collection of patient samples.
Effects on Ability to Drive and Use Machines
Due to the potential for neurologic events, including altered mental status, seizures, neurocognitive decline or neuropathy, patients receiving CARVYKTI are at risk for altered or decreased consciousness or coordination in the 8 weeks following CARVYKTI infusion. Advise patients to refrain from driving and engaging in hazardous occupations or activities, such as operating heavy or potentially dangerous machinery during this initial period, and in the event of new onset of any neurologic toxicities.
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are also described elsewhere in the labeling:
- Increased Early Mortality [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1), Clinical Studies (14)] .
- Cytokine Release Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] .
- Neurologic Toxicities [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] .
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)/Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] .
- Prolonged and Recurrent Cytopenias [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] .
- Infections [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)] .
- Hypogammaglobulinemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] .
- Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] .
- Secondary Malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)].
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety data described in the WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS section reflect exposure to CARVYKTI in 285 patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: one randomized, open label with 188 patients in CARTITUDE-4 and one single-arm, open label study with 97 patients in CARTITUDE-1.
CARTITUDE-4
The safety of CARVYKTI was evaluated in CARTITUDE-4, a randomized, open label multicenter study, in which patients with relapsed and lenalidomide refractory multiple myeloma received CARVYKTI meeting the product specifications (N=188) or standard therapy (N=211) [see Clinical Studies (14)] . Patients with known active or prior history of central nervous system involvement, patients who exhibit clinical signs of meningeal involvement of multiple myeloma and patients with a history of Parkinson's disease or other neurodegenerative disorder, were excluded from the trial. Patients received CARVYKTI at a median dose of 0.71×10 6CAR-positive viable T-cells/kg (range: 0.41 to 1.08×10 6cells/kg). The median age of the 188 participants was 62 years (range: 27 to 78 years); 40% were 65 years or older, and 57% were male; 76% were White, were 9% Hispanic or Latino, 8% were Asian, and 3% were Black.
The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status at baseline was 0 in 56%, 1 in 44%. For the details about the study population, see Clinical Studies (14).
The most common nonlaboratory adverse reactions (≥20%) included pyrexia, CRS, hypogammaglobulinemia, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, viral infections, headache, hypotension, and nausea.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 34% of patients. The most common nonlaboratory serious adverse reactions (≥5%) were pneumonia (9%), viral infection (6%), CRS (6%), and cranial nerve palsies (5%).
Table 3 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred in at least 10% of patients treated with CARVYKTI.
| CARVYKTI N=188 | Standard Therapy N=208 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| System Organ Class (SOC) Preferred term | Any Grade (%) | Grade 3 or higher (%) | Any Grade (%) | Grade 3 or higher (%) |
| Adverse reactions are reported using MedDRA version 25.0 | ||||
| ||||
| Gastrointestinal disorders | - | - | - | - |
| Diarrhea * | 27 | 3 | 27 | 2 |
| Nausea | 20 | 0 | 18 | 1 |
| Constipation | 10 | 0 | 21 | 1 |
| General disorders and administrative site conditions | - | - | - | - |
| Pyrexia | 79 | 5 | 16 | 1 |
| Fatigue † | 28 | 3 | 50 | 3 |
| Edema ‡ | 11 | 1 | 20 | 1 |
| Pain § | 10 | 1 | 14 | <1 |
| Immune system disorders | - | - | - | - |
| Hypogammaglobulinemia ¶ | 94 | 9 | 72 | <1 |
| Cytokine release syndrome | 78 | 3 | <1 | 0 |
| Infections and infestations | - | - | - | - |
| Upper respiratory tract infection # | 25 | 1 | 40 | 5 |
| Viral infection Þ | 23 | 4 | 31 | 6 |
| Bacterial infection ß | 15 | 6 | 17 | 4 |
| Pneumonia à | 14 | 9 | 18 | 11 |
| Metabolism and nutrition disorders | - | - | - | - |
| Decreased appetite | 10 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | - | - | - | - |
| Musculoskeletal pain è | 34 | 2 | 47 | 4 |
| Nervous system disorders | - | - | - | - |
| Headache ð | 23 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| Encephalopathy ø | 11 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | - | - | - | - |
| Cough ý | 15 | 0 | 18 | 0 |
| Hypoxia | 12 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| Vascular disorders | - | - | - | - |
| Hypotension £ | 23 | 4 | 3 | 0 |
Other clinically important adverse reactions that occurred in less than 10% of patients treated with CARVYKTI include the following:
- Blood and lymphatic system disorders: coagulopathy 1(5%), febrile neutropenia (2%), lymphocytosis (2%),
- Cardiac disorders: tachycardia 2(5%), cardiac arrhythmias 3(3%)
- Gastrointestinal disorders: abdominal pain 4(6%), vomiting (5%)
- General disorders and administration site conditions: chills (6%)
- Immune system disorders:HLH (1%)
- Infections and Infestations:gastroenteritis 5(7%), sepsis 6(9%), urinary tract infection 7(5%), fungal infection 8(3%)
- Investigations: c-reactive protein increased (6%)
- Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders: hypophosphatemia (10%), hyperferritinemia (7%)
- Neoplasms benign, malignant, and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps): hematologic malignancy 9(3%)
- Nervous system disorders: dizziness 10(9%), cranial nerve palsies 11(9%), motor dysfunction 12(9%), peripheral neuropathy 13(7%), sleep disorder 14(6%), tremor (4%), aphasia 15(3%), ataxia 16(3%),
- Psychiatric disorders: delirium 17(2%) personality changes 18(2%)
- Renal and urinary disorders: renal failure 19(5%)
- Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: dyspnea 20(10%)
- Skin and subcutaneous tissues: rash 21(7%)
- Vascular Disorders: hemorrhage 22(9%), hypertension (7%), thrombosis 23(3%), capillary leak syndrome (1%)
- 1
- Coagulopathy includes Blood fibrinogen decreased, Coagulation test abnormal, Coagulopathy, Disseminated intravascular coagulation, and Hypofibrinogenemia.
- 2
- Tachycardia includes Sinus tachycardia, and Tachycardia.
- 3
- Cardiac arrhythmias includes Atrial fibrillation, and Atrioventricular block second degree.
- 4
- Abdominal pain includes Abdominal discomfort, Abdominal pain, Abdominal pain lower, Abdominal pain upper, and Dyspepsia.
- 5
- Gastroenteritis includes Enterocolitis viral, Enterovirus infection, Gastroenteritis, Gastroenteritis rotavirus, Gastroenteritis salmonella, Gastrointestinal infection, and Large intestine infection.
- 6
- Sepsis includes Bacteremia, Candida sepsis, Device related bacteremia, Enterococcal bacteremia, Hemophilus sepsis, Neutropenic sepsis, Pseudomonal sepsis, Sepsis, Septic shock, Staphylococcal bacteremia, Systemic candida, and Urosepsis.
- 7
- Urinary tract infection includes Cystitis, Escherichia urinary tract infection, and Urinary tract infection.
- 8
- Fungal infection includes Candida infection, Oral candidiasis, Tongue fungal infection, and Vulvovaginal candidiasis.
- 9
- Hematologic malignancy includes Myelodysplastic syndrome, Acute myeloid leukemia, and T-cell lymphoma. Incidence based on cutoff date of 01 November 2022 (median follow-up time of 15.9 months).
- 10
- Dizziness includes Dizziness, Dizziness postural, Presyncope, Syncope, and Vertigo.
- 11
- Cranial nerve palsies includes Facial paralysis, Facial paresis, IIIrd nerve paralysis, and Trigeminal palsy.
- 12
- Motor dysfunction includes Bradykinesia, Coordination abnormal, Dysgraphia, Extrapyramidal disorder, Micrographia, Muscle spasms, Muscular weakness, and Parkinsonism.
- 13
- Neuropathy peripheral includes Peripheral motor neuropathy, Peripheral sensory neuropathy, and Polyneuropathy.
- 14
- Sleep disorder includes Insomnia, Sleep disorder, and Somnolence.
- 15
- Aphasia includes Aphasia, and Dysarthria.
- 16
- Ataxia includes Ataxia, Balance disorder, Dysmetria, and Gait disturbance.
- 17
- Delirium includes Agitation, Disorientation, and Hallucination.
- 18
- Personality changes includes Personality change, and Reduced facial expression.
- 19
- Renal failure includes Acute kidney injury, Blood creatinine increased, Chronic kidney disease, Renal failure, and Renal impairment.
- 20
- Dyspnea includes Dyspnea, Dyspnea exertional, Respiratory failure, Tachypnea, and Wheezing.
- 21
- Rash includes Dermatitis psoriasiform, Drug eruption, Erythema, Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, Rash, Rash erythematous, Rash maculo-papular, Rash papular, and Urticaria.
- 22
- Hemorrhage includes Catheter site hemorrhage, Conjunctival hemorrhage, Contusion, Epistaxis, Hematemesis, Hematoma, and Hematuria.
- 23
- Thrombosis includes Deep vein thrombosis, Pulmonary embolism, and Venous thrombosis limb.
Laboratory Abnormalities
Table 4 presents the most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities based on laboratory data, occurring in at least 10% of patients.
| CARVYKTI (N=188) | Standard Therapy (N=208) | |
|---|---|---|
| Laboratory Abnormality | Grade 3 or 4 (%) | Grade 3 or 4 (%) |
| Laboratory abnormalities graded using NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Laboratory abnormalities are sorted by decreasing frequency in the Grade column. | ||
| Lymphocyte count decreased | 99 | 62 |
| Neutrophil count decreased | 95 | 88 |
| White blood cell decreased | 94 | 69 |
| Platelet count decreased | 47 | 20 |
| Hemoglobin decreased | 34 | 17 |
Other clinically important Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (based on laboratory data) that occurred in less than 10% of patients treated with CARVYKTI include fibrinogen decreased, gamma glutamyl transferase increased, hypokalemia, alanine aminotransferase increased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, alkaline phosphatase increased, hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, and blood bilirubin increased.
CARTITUDE-1
The safety data described in this section reflect the exposure of 97 adult patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in the CARTITUDE-1 study (USA cohort) to CARVYKTI and includes 17 patients (18%) with manufacturing failures either because they received CARVYKTI that did not meet product release specifications or there were insufficient data to confirm product release specifications for CARVYKTI. Patients received CARVYKTI across a dose range of 0.51 to 0.95×10 6CAR-positive viable T cells/kg body weight [see Clinical Studies (14)] . Patients with a history of CNS disease (such as seizure or cerebrovascular ischemia) or requiring ongoing treatment with chronic immunosuppression were excluded. The median duration of follow-up was 18 months. The median age of the study population was 61 years (range: 43 to 78 years); 36% were 65 years or older, and 59% were men. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status at baseline was 0 in 40%, 1 in 56%, and 2 in 4% of patients. Three of the patients treated with CARVYKTI had a creatinine clearance of <45 mL/min at baseline. For the details about the study population, see Clinical Studies (14).
The most common (greater or equal to 10%) Grade 3 or higher nonlaboratory adverse reactions were infections-pathogen unspecified (19%), pneumonia (13%), hematologic malignancy (10%) and hypotension (10%).
The most common nonlaboratory adverse reactions (incidence greater than or equal to 20%) included pyrexia, CRS, hypogammaglobulinemia, hypotension, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, infections of unspecified pathogen, cough, chills, diarrhea, nausea, encephalopathy, decreased appetite, upper respiratory tract infection, headache, tachycardia, dizziness, dyspnea, edema, viral infections, coagulopathy, constipation, and vomiting.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 55% of patients. The most common non-laboratory (greater than or equal to 5%) serious adverse reactions included CRS (21%), sepsis (7%), encephalopathy (10%), and pneumonia (8%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 9% of patients.
Table 5 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred in at least 10% of patients treated with CARVYKTI.
| System Organ Class (SOC) Preferred term | Any Grade (%) | Grade 3 or higher (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Adverse reactions are reported using MedDRA version 23.0 | ||
| ||
| Blood and lymphatic system disorders | - | - |
| Coagulopathy * | 22 | 2 |
| Febrile Neutropenia | 10 | 9 |
| Cardiac disorders | - | - |
| Tachycardia † | 27 | 1 |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | - | - |
| Diarrhea ‡ | 33 | 1 |
| Nausea | 31 | 1 |
| Constipation | 22 | 0 |
| Vomiting | 20 | 0 |
| General disorders and administrative site conditions | - | - |
| Pyrexia | 96 | 5 |
| Fatigue § | 47 | 7 |
| Chills | 33 | 0 |
| Edema ¶ | 23 | 0 |
| Immune system disorders | - | - |
| Cytokine release syndrome # | 95 | 5 |
| Hypogammaglobulinemia Þ | 93 | 2 |
| Infections and infestations ß | - | - |
| Infections-pathogen unspecified à | 41 | 19 |
| Upper respiratory tract infection è | 28 | 3 |
| Viral infections ð | 23 | 7 |
| Pneumonia ø | 14 | 13 |
| Sepsis ý | 10 | 7 |
| Metabolism and nutrition disorders | - | - |
| Decreased appetite | 29 | 1 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | - | - |
| Musculoskeletal pain £ | 48 | 2 |
| Nervous system disorders | - | - |
| Encephalopathy ¥ | 30 | 6 |
| Headache | 27 | 0 |
| Dizziness Π| 23 | 1 |
| Motor dysfunction œ | 16 | 3 |
| Psychiatric disorders | - | - |
| Insomnia | 13 | 0 |
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | - | - |
| Cough Ɖ | 39 | 0 |
| Dyspnea A | 23 | 3 |
| Nasal congestion | 15 | 0 |
| Hypoxia | 12 | 4 |
| Neoplasms benign, malignant, and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | ||
| Hematologic malignancy B | 10 | 10 |
| Vascular disorders | - | - |
| Hypotension C | 51 | 10 |
| Hypertension | 19 | 6 |
| Hemorrhage D | 16 | 4 |
Other clinically important adverse reactions that occurred in less than 10% of patients treated with CARVYKTI include the following:
- Cardiac disorders: cardiac arrhythmias 24(8%), chest pain 25(7%)
- Eye disorders: diplopia (1%)
- Gastrointestinal disorders: dysphagia (1%)
- Immune system disorders:HLH (1%), hypersensitivity reaction (5%)
- Infections and Infestations:bacterial infections 26(9%), urinary tract infection 27(4.1%)
- Injury, Poisoning and Procedural complications: fall (3.1%)
- Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders: tumor lysis syndrome (1%)
- Musculoskeletal and Connective tissue disorders: posture abnormal (1%)
- Nervous system disorders: aphasia 28(8%), ataxia 29(8%), peripheral neuropathy 30(7%), tremor (6%), parkinsonism (4.1%), micrographia (4.1%), dysgraphia (3.1%), reduced facial expression (3.1%), cranial nerve palsies (3.1%), bradykinesia (2.1%), paresis 31(1%), cogwheel rigidity (1%), cerebrovascular accident (1%), seizure (1%), slow speech (1%), nystagmus (1%)
- Psychiatric disorders: delirium 32(5%) depression 33(4.1%), psychomotor retardation (1%)
- Renal and urinary disorders: renal failure 34(7%)
- Skin and subcutaneous tissues: rash 35(8%)
- Vascular Disorders: thrombosis 36(5%)
- 24
- Cardiac arrhythmias includes atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular extrasystoles, ventricular tachycardia.
- 25
- Chest pain includes Angina pectoris, Chest discomfort, and Chest pain.
- 26
- Bacterial infection includes Abscess limb, Cholecystitis, Cholecystitis acute, Clostridium difficile colitis, Clostridium difficile infection, Enterocolitis bacterial, Osteomyelitis, Perirectal abscess, Soft tissue infection, Staphylococcal infection.
- 27
- Urinary tract infection includes Urinary tract infection, and Urinary tract infection viral.
- 28
- Aphasia includes Aphasia, Dysarthria, and Speech disorder.
- 29
- Ataxia includes Ataxia, Balance disorder, and Gait disturbance.
- 30
- Peripheral neuropathy includes Peripheral neuropathy, Peripheral motor neuropathy and Peripheral sensory neuropathy.
- 31
- Paresis includes Facial paralysis, and Peroneal nerve palsy.
- 32
- Delirium includes Agitation, Hallucination, Irritability, Personality change, and Restlessness.
- 33
- Depression includes Depression, and Flat affect.
- 34
- Renal failure includes Acute kidney injury, Blood creatinine increased, Chronic kidney disease, and Renal impairment.
- 35
- Rash includes Erythema, Rash, Rash maculo-papular, and Rash pustular.
- 36
- Thrombosis includes Deep vein thrombosis, and Device related thrombosis.
Laboratory Abnormalities
Table 6 presents the most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities based on laboratory data, occurring in at least 10% of patients.
| Laboratory Abnormality | Grade 3 or 4 (%) |
|---|---|
| Laboratory abnormalities graded using NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Laboratory abnormalities are sorted by decreasing frequency in the Grade column. | |
| Lymphopenia | 99 |
| Neutropenia | 98 |
| White blood cell decreased | 98 |
| Anemia | 72 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 63 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 21 |
Other clinically important Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (based on laboratory data) that occurred in less than 10% of patients treated with CARVYKTI include the following: fibrinogen decreased, hypoalbuminemia, alanine aminotransferase increased, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, gamma glutamyl transferase increased, alkaline phosphatase increased, hypokalemia, blood bilirubin increased.
Immunogenicity
The immunogenicity of CARVYKTI has been evaluated using a validated assay for the detection of binding antibodies against the extracellular portion of the anti-BCMA CAR pre-dose, and at multiple timepoints post-infusion. In CARTITUDE-1, 19 of 97 (19.6%) patients were positive for anti-product antibodies. In CARTITUDE-4, 39 of 186 patients (21%) were positive for anti-CAR antibodies.
There was no clear evidence that the observed anti-product antibodies impact CARVYKTI kinetics of initial expansion and persistence, efficacy, or safety.
Postmarketing Experience
Because adverse events to marketed products are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to product exposure.
The following adverse event has been identified during postmarketing use of CARVYKTI.
Neoplasms:T cell malignancies
HIV and the lentivirus used to make CARVYKTI have limited, short spans of identical genetic material (RNA). Therefore, some commercial HIV nucleic acid tests (NATs) may yield false-positive results in patients who have received CARVYKTI.
CARVYKTI ®(ciltacabtagene autoleucel) is a BCMA-directed genetically modified autologous T cell immunotherapy. CARVYKTI is prepared from the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which are obtained via a standard leukapheresis procedure. The mononuclear cells are enriched for T cells and genetically modified ex vivoby transduction with a replication-incompetent lentiviral vector to express a CAR comprising an anti-BCMA targeting domain, which consists of two single-domain antibodies linked to a 4-1BB costimulatory domain and a CD3-zeta signaling domain.
The transduced anti-BCMA CAR T cells are expanded in cell culture, washed, formulated into a suspension and cryopreserved. The product must pass a sterility test before release for shipping as a frozen suspension in a patient-specific infusion bag. The product is thawed and then infused back into the patient, where the anti-BCMA CAR T cells can recognize and eliminate BCMA-expressing target cells. [see Dosage and Administration (2.2), How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16)].
In addition to T cells, CARVYKTI may contain Natural Killer (NK) cells. The formulation contains 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
Mechanism of Action
CARVYKTI is a BCMA-directed, genetically modified autologous T cell immunotherapy, which involves reprogramming a patient's own T cells with a transgene encoding a CAR that identifies and eliminates cells that express BCMA. The CARVYKTI CAR protein features two BCMA-targeting single-domain antibodies designed to confer high avidity against human BCMA, a 4-1BB co-stimulatory domain and a CD3-zeta (CD3ζ) signaling cytoplasmic domain. Upon binding to BCMA-expressing cells, the CAR promotes T cell activation, expansion, and elimination of target cells.
Pharmacodynamics
After a single infusion of CARVYKTI, expansion of CAR-positive T cells coincided with decreases of serum soluble BCMA, serum M-protein, and/or free light chains. Across all patients, levels of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and IL-2 receptor alpha increased post-infusion and peaked at Days 7–14. The serum levels of all cytokines generally returned to baseline levels within 2–3 months post-infusion.
Pharmacokinetics
The pharmacokinetics (PK) of CARVYKTI was assessed in 285 adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in CARTITUDE-1 and CARTITUDE-4 receiving a single infusion at the median dose of 0.71×10 6CAR-positive viable T cells/kg (range: 0.41×10 6to 1.08×10 6cells/kg).
Following a single infusion, CARVYKTI exhibited an initial expansion phase followed by a rapid decline, and then a slower decline. However, high inter-individual variability was observed.
| Parameter | Summary Statistics | CARTITUDE-1 N=97 | CARTITUDE-4 N=188 |
|---|---|---|---|
| C max(copies/µg genomic DNA) | Median (range), n | 47806 (7189 – 115234), 97 | 34891 (935 – 104861), 185 |
| t max(day) | Median (range), n | 12.7 (8.7 – 329.8), 97 | 12.8 (7.8 – 222.8), 185 |
| AUC 0–28d(copies*day/µg genomic DNA) | Median (range), n | 371569 (58691 – 2024126), 97 | 293490 (9215 – 1738455), 184 |
| t 1/2(day) | Median (range), n | 15.3 (3.0 – 95.4), 42 | 11.7 (4.1 – 179.6), 49 |
After the cell expansion, the persistence phase of CARVYKTI was observed for all patients. At the time of analysis in CARTITUDE-1 (n=65) and CARTITUDE-4 (n=87) studies, the median time for CAR transgene levels in peripheral blood to return to the pre-dose baseline level was approximately 100 days (range: 28 to 365 days) and 109 days (range: 29 to 366 days) post-infusion respectively.
Detectable CARVYKTI exposures in bone marrow indicate a distribution of CARVYKTI from systemic circulation to bone marrow. Similar to blood transgene levels, bone marrow transgene levels declined over time and exhibited high inter-individual variability.
Patients with higher CAR-T cell expansion tended to have higher rates of CRS. Some patients required tocilizumab, corticosteroids, and anakinra for the management of CRS. CARVYKTI continues to expand and persist following administration of tocilizumab, corticosteroids, and anakinra. In CARTITUDE-1, CARVYKTI median C maxand AUC 0–28din patients treated with tocilizumab (n=68) for CRS were 168% and 209% of those in patients (n=29) who did not receive tocilizumab for CRS, respectively. The median C maxand AUC 0–28dof CARVYKTI in patients who received corticosteroids (n=21) for CRS were 186% and 307% of those in patients who did not receive corticosteroids (n=76) for CRS, respectively. In addition, the median C maxand AUC 0–28dof CARVYKTI in patients who received anakinra (n=18) for CRS were 139% and 232% of those in patients who did not receive anakinra (n=79) for CRS, respectively. In CARTITUDE-4, the results related to tocilizumab and corticosteroid were consistent with CARTITUDE-1.
Specific Populations
The pharmacokinetics of CARVYKTI (C maxand AUC 0–28d) were not impacted by age (27 to 78 years), gender, body weight, race, mild hepatic dysfunction [(total bilirubin ≤ upper limit of normal (ULN) and aspartate aminotransferase > ULN) or (ULN < total bilirubin ≤1.5 times ULN)], mild renal dysfunction (60 mL/min ≤ creatinine clearance [CRCL] <90 mL/min) or moderate renal dysfunction (30 mL/min ≤ creatinine clearance <60 mL/min). Formal renal and hepatic impairment studies of CARVYKTI were not conducted.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
No genotoxicity or carcinogenicity studies have been performed with CARVYKTI as they were not indicated. In vitrostudies with CARVYKTI manufactured from healthy donors and patients with multiple myeloma showed no evidence of cytokine independent growth and no preferential integration near genes associated with oncogenic transformation.
No studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of CARVYKTI on fertility.
CARTITUDE-4
Efficacy of CARVYKTI was evaluated in CARTITUDE-4 (NCT04181827) a randomized, open label, multicenter controlled study in adult patients with relapsed and lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma, who previously received at least 1 prior line of therapy including a proteasome inhibitor and an immunomodulatory agent. A total of 419 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either a sequence of apheresis, bridging therapy, lymphodepletion and CARVYKTI (n=208) or standard therapy which included daratumumab, pomalidomide and dexamethasone (DPd) or bortezomib, pomalidomide and dexamethasone (PVd) selected by physician prior to randomization based on patient's prior antimyeloma therapy (n=211). Randomization was stratified by physician's choice of treatment (DPd vs. PVd), ISS (I vs. II vs. III) and number of prior lines of therapy (1 vs. 2 or 3).
Patients with known active or prior history of central nervous system involvement, patients who exhibit clinical signs of meningeal involvement of multiple myeloma and patients with a history of Parkinson's disease or other neurodegenerative disorder, were excluded from the trial.
In the overall study population (N=419), the median age was 61 years (range: 27 to 80 years), 57% were male, 75% were White, 3% were Black or African American, 9% were Asian, and 7% were Hispanic or Latino. Most patients (94%) were International Staging System (ISS) Stage I or II. High-risk cytogenetics [presence of t(4:14), (14:16), and 17p13 del] were present in 34% of patients. Nineteen percent of patients had presence of soft tissue plasmacytoma.
Patients had received a median of 2 (range: 1 to 3) prior lines of therapy and 85% of patients had received prior autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Ninety-nine percent of patients were refractory to their last line of prior therapy. Forty-seven percent were refractory to a proteasome inhibitor (PI) and 100% were refractory to an immunomodulatory agent.
All 208 patients randomized to the CARVYKTI arm underwent apheresis, twelve (6%) were not treated with CARVYKTI due to progressive disease (n=10) or death (n=2), and twenty (10%) progressed prior to infusion with CARVYKTI but were able to receive CARVYKTI as subsequent therapy. Eight (4%) patients received CAR-T positive T cells that did not meet product release specification for CARVYKTI (non-conforming product).
Patients randomized to CARVYKTI were to receive lymphodepleting chemotherapy consisting of fludarabine 30 mg/m 2/day and cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m 2/day concurrently for 3 days followed by CARVYKTI infusion 5 to 7 days after start of lymphodepleting chemotherapy. At least one cycle of DPd or PVd bridging therapy was received for disease control between leukapheresis and the start of the lymphodepleting chemotherapy.
CARVYKTI was administered as a single IV infusion 5 to 7 days after the start of a lymphodepleting chemotherapy at a median dose of 0.71×10 6CAR-positive viable T-cells/kg (range: 0.39 to 1.07×10 6cells/kg).
In the 176 patients that received CARVYKTI as study treatment, the median time from the day after receipt of apheresis material at manufacturing facility to release of product for infusion was 44 days (range: 25 to 127 days) and the median time from first apheresis to CARVYKTI infusion was 79 days (range: 45 days to 246 days).
The primary efficacy measure was progression-free survival (PFS) analyzed based on the Intent-To-Treat Analysis Set (see Table 8and Figure 1). After a median follow-up of 15.9 months, median PFS was 12 months (95% CI: 9.8, 14) for standard therapy arm and NE (95% CI: 22.8, NE) for CARVYKTI arm (Hazard ratio: 0.41 [95% CI: 0.30, 0.56]). The estimated PFS rate at 12 months was 75.9% (95% CI: 69.4%, 81.1%) in the CARVYKTI arm and 49.5% (95% CI: 42.3%, 56.3%) in the standard therapy arm.
| CARVYKTI (N=208) | Standard Therapy (N=211) | |
|---|---|---|
| NE=not estimable; CI=confidence interval Notes: Based on a median duration of follow up of 15.9 months | ||
| ||
| Progression-Free Survival * | - | - |
| Number of events, n (%) | 65 (31.3) | 119 (56.4) |
| Median, months [95% CI] † | NE [22.8, NE] | 12 [9.8, 14.0] |
| Hazard ratio [95% CI] ‡ | 0.41 [0.30, 0.56] | - |
| p-value § | <0.0001 | - |
| Complete Response or Better Rate *, % [95% CI] | 74.0 [67.5, 79.9] | 22.3 [16.8, 28.5] |
| p-value ¶ | <0.0001 | - |
| Stringent Complete Response *(sCR), n (%) | 137 (65.9) | 38 (18.0) |
| Complete Response *(CR), n (%) | 17 (8.2) | 9 (4.3) |
| Overall Response Rate, ORR (sCR + CR + VGPR + PR) *, % [95% CI] | 84.6 [79.0, 89.2] | 67.8 [61.0, 74.0] |
| p-value ¶ | <0.0001 | - |
| Very Good Partial Response *(VGPR), n (%) | 16 (7.7) | 49 (23.2) |
| Partial Response *(PR), n (%) | 6 (2.9) | 47 (22.3) |
| Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier Curve of PFS in CARTITUDE-4 (Intent-To-Treat Analysis Set) |
|---|
| Note: Intent-to-treat analysis set consists of subjects who were randomized in the study. Data cutoff date: November 1, 2022 |
 |
In the CARVYKTI arm, the estimated median duration of response (DOR) has not been reached in patients who achieved PR or better or in patients who achieved CR or better. In the standard therapy arm, the estimated median DOR was 16.6 months (95% CI: 12.9, NE).
A higher proportion of patients in the CARVYKTI arm compared to the standard therapy arm died within the first 10 months of randomization as shown in Figure 2.
| Figure 2. Kaplan-Meier Curve of Overall Survival in CARTITUDE-4 (Intent-to-Treat Analysis Set) |
|---|
| Note: Intent-to-treat analysis set consists of subjects who were randomized to the study. Data cutoff date: November 1, 2022. 34% of the planned OS events have occurred. |
 |
CARTITUDE-1
The efficacy of CARVYKTI was evaluated in CARTITUDE-1 (NCT03548207), an open-label, single-arm, multicenter trial in adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, who previously received at least 3 prior lines of therapy including a proteasome inhibitor, an immunomodulatory agent, and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
Patients with known active or prior history of significant central nervous system (CNS) disease, including CNS multiple myeloma, plasma cell leukemia, allogeneic stem cell transplant within 6 months before apheresis or ongoing treatment with immunosuppressants, creatinine clearance <40 mL/min, absolute lymphocyte concentration <300/µL, absolute neutrophil count <750 cells/mm 3, platelet count <50,000/mm 3, hepatic transaminases >3 times the upper limit of normal, cardiac ejection fraction <45%, or with active serious infection were excluded from the trial.
Of the 113 patients who underwent leukapheresis, 16 patients did not receive CARVYKTI due to progressive disease (n=2), death (n=9), or withdrawal from study (n=5). There were 97 patients in the efficacy evaluable population who received CARVYKTI, including 17 patients (18%) with manufacturing failures either because they received CARVYKTI that did not meet product release specifications for CARVYKTI or received CARVYKTI for which there were insufficient data to confirm product release specifications for CARVYKTI.
Of the 97 efficacy-evaluable patients, the median age was 61 years (range: 43 to 78 years), 59% were male, 71% were white, and 18% were black. Most patients (86%) were ISS Stage I or II. Of the 91 patients for whom baseline cytogenetic data were available, high-risk cytogenetics (presence of t(4:14), t(14:16), or 17p13 del) were present in 24% of patients. Thirteen percent of the patients had extramedullary disease.
The median number of prior lines of therapy was 6 (range: 3 to 18), with 82% of patients receiving 4 or more prior lines of therapy, 90% of patients had received prior autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and 8% of patients received an allogeneic transplant. Ninety-nine percent of patients were refractory to their last line of prior therapy, and 88% were refractory to a proteasome inhibitor (PI), immunomodulatory agent, and anti-CD38 antibody.
Most patients (75%) treated with CARVYKTI received bridging therapy for control of their multiple myeloma during the manufacturing process. The median time from leukapheresis to product availability was 32 days (range: 27 to 66 days).
The most commonly used agents as bridging therapies (≥20% of patients) included dexamethasone: 62 patients (64%), bortezomib: 26 patients (27%), cyclophosphamide: 22 patients (23%), and pomalidomide: 21 patients (22%).
Efficacy was established on the basis of overall response rate, complete response rate and duration of response as assessed by the Independent Review Committee (IRC) using International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria (see Table 9and 10). The median time to first response was 1 month (range: 0.9 to 10.7 months).
| CARVYKTI treated (N=97) | |
|---|---|
| Notes: Based on a median duration of follow-up of 28 months. | |
| CI=confidence interval; IRC=Independent Review Committee; IMWG=International Myeloma Working Group; NE=not estimable. | |
| |
| Overall Response Rate (sCR *+ VGPR + PR) n (%) | 95 (97.9) |
| 95% CI (%) | (92.7, 99.7) |
| Stringent complete response (sCR) *n (%) | 78 (80.4) |
| 95% CI †(%) | (71.1, 87.8) |
| Very good partial response (VGPR) n (%) | 14 (14.4) |
| 95% CI †(%) | (8.1, 23.0) |
| Partial response (PR) n (%) | 3 (3.1) |
| 95% CI †(%) | (0.6, 8.8) |
| CARVYKTI treated (N=97) | |
|---|---|
| Notes: Based on a median duration of follow-up of 28 months. | |
| CI=confidence interval; NE=not estimable. | |
| |
| Duration of Response (DOR) * | - |
| Number of responders DOR (Months):Median (95% CI) † | 95 NE (23.3, NE) |
| Number of responders with sCR ‡ DOR if best response is sCR ‡(Months):Median (95% CI) † | 78 NE (28.3, NE) |
| Number of responders with VGPR or better DOR if best response is VGPR or better (Months):Median (95% CI) † | 92 NE (24.4, NE) |
The IRC assessed overall response in the 113 patients that underwent leukapheresis was 84% (95% CI: 76, 90) with stringent CR rate of 69% (95% CI: 60, 77), VGPR rate of 12% (95% CI: 7, 20) and PR rate of 3% (95% CI: 1, 8).
CARVYKTI ®is supplied in one infusion bag containing a frozen suspension of genetically modified autologous T cells in 5% DMSO, either as a:
- 70 mL suspension in an infusion bag and metal cassette (NDC 57894-111-01)
or - 30 mL suspension in an infusion bag and metal cassette (NDC 57894-111-02)
Each CARVYKTI infusion bag is individually packed in an aluminum cryo-cassette.
Match the identity of the patient with the patient identifiers on the cassette and infusion bag upon receipt.
Store and transport below -120°C, e.g., in a container for cryogenic storage in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen.
Store CARVYKTI in the original packaging containing the cassette protecting the infusion bag.
Thaw CARVYKTI prior to infusion [see Dosage and Administration (2)] .
Mechanism of Action
CARVYKTI is a BCMA-directed, genetically modified autologous T cell immunotherapy, which involves reprogramming a patient's own T cells with a transgene encoding a CAR that identifies and eliminates cells that express BCMA. The CARVYKTI CAR protein features two BCMA-targeting single-domain antibodies designed to confer high avidity against human BCMA, a 4-1BB co-stimulatory domain and a CD3-zeta (CD3ζ) signaling cytoplasmic domain. Upon binding to BCMA-expressing cells, the CAR promotes T cell activation, expansion, and elimination of target cells.