Adstiladrin
(nadofaragene firadenovec-vncg)Dosage & Administration
Adstiladrin Prescribing Information
ADSTILADRIN® is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with high-risk Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) with carcinoma in situ (CIS) with or without papillary tumors.
Important Administration Instructions
ADSTILADRIN is for intravesical instillation only.
ADSTILADRIN is not for intravenous use, topical use, or oral administration.
Dose
The recommended dose of ADSTILADRIN is 75 mL at a concentration of 3 x 1011 viral particles (vp)/mL instilled once every three (3) months into the bladder via a urinary catheter [see Dosage and Administration ].
Premedication with an anticholinergic is recommended before each instillation of ADSTILADRIN.
Preparation and Handling
ADSTILADRIN is a non-replicating adenoviral vector-based gene therapy. Follow universal biosafety precautions for handling.
Individuals who are immunosuppressed or immune-deficient, should not prepare, administer, or come into contact with ADSTILADRIN [see Warnings and Precautions ].
ADSTILADRIN is a sterile, clear to opalescent suspension for intravesical instillation, supplied as single-use vials.
ADSTILADRIN is provided in a carton containing four (4) vials. All vials have a nominal concentration of 3 × 1011 viral particles (vp)/mL. Each vial of ADSTILADRIN contains an extractable volume of not less than 20 mL.
Pregnancy
Risk Summary
Adequate and well-controlled studies with ADSTILADRIN have not been conducted in pregnant women. Animal reproductive and developmental toxicity studies have not been conducted with ADSTILADRIN. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.
Lactation
Risk Summary
There is no information regarding the presence of ADSTILADRIN in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for ADSTILADRIN and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from ADSTILADRIN or from the underlying maternal condition.
Females and Males of Reproductive Potential
No nonclinical or clinical studies were performed to evaluate the effect of ADSTILADRIN on fertility.
Pregnancy Testing
Verify pregnancy status in females of reproductive potential prior to initiating ADSTILADRIN.
Contraception
Females
Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ADSTILADRIN and for 6 months following the last dose.
Males
Advise male patients with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ADSTILADRIN and for 3 months following the last dose.
Pediatric Use
Safety and effectiveness of ADSTILADRIN in pediatric patients have not been established.
Geriatric Use
Clinical studies of ADSTILADRIN in BCG-unresponsive high-risk NMIBC with CIS did not include sufficient numbers of patients younger than 65 years of age to determine whether safety and effectiveness differ from older patients.
Gender-specific Use
In clinical studies with ADSTILADRIN, no overall differences in safety or efficacy were observed between females and males.
ADSTILADRIN is contraindicated in patients with prior hypersensitivity reactions to interferon alfa or to any component of the product [see Description ].
Risk of Muscle Invasive or Metastatic Bladder Cancer with Delayed Cystectomy
Delaying cystectomy in patients with BCG-unresponsive CIS could lead to development of muscle invasive or metastatic bladder cancer, which can be lethal. The risk of developing muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer increases the longer cystectomy is delayed in the presence of persisting CIS.
Of the patients with CIS treated with ADSTILADRIN on Study CS-003 who underwent subsequent radical cystectomy and for whom pathologic data were available, 14% (n = 6) had muscle-invasive (T2 or greater) disease at cystectomy. Median time from persistence or recurrence of CIS to cystectomy in these patients was 235 days (range 38 to 582 days). Two additional patients who did not undergo cystectomy experienced progression to muscle-invasive disease during the treatment period.
If patients with CIS do not have a complete response to treatment after 3 months or if CIS recurs, consider cystectomy.
Risk of Disseminated Adenovirus Infection
Immunocompromised persons, including those receiving immunosuppressant therapy, may be at risk for disseminated adenovirus infection because of the possible presence of low levels of replication-competent adenovirus in ADSTILADRIN. Individuals who are immunosuppressed or immune-deficient should not come into contact with ADSTILADRIN.
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety of ADSTILADRIN was evaluated in Study CS-003, a multicenter, single-arm, open-label study in 157 U.S. patients [see Clinical Studies ( 14)] with high-risk BCG‑unresponsive NMIBC, 107 of whom had BCG-unresponsive carcinoma in situ (CIS) with or without papillary tumors.
Patients received 75 mL (3 x 1011 vp/mL) ADSTILADRIN administered intravesically once every 3 months for up to 12 months [see Clinical Studies ( 14)]. All patients with an absence of high-risk recurrence or progression were offered continued treatment every 3 months beyond 12 months. The median number of instillations of ADSTILADRIN was 2 (range 1 to 5).
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 11% of patients who received ADSTILADRIN. Serious adverse reactions occurring in >1% of patients included coronary artery disease and hematuria (blood in urine).
Permanent discontinuation of ADSTILADRIN due to an adverse reaction occurred in 3 (1.9%) patients. Adverse reactions that resulted in permanent discontinuation of ADSTILADRIN included bladder spasm instillation site discharge, and benign neoplasm of the bladder.
Dosage interruptions of ADSTILADRIN due to an adverse reaction occurred in 54 (34%) patients. Adverse reactions in >10% of patients that required dosage interruption included instillation site discharge, bladder spasm, and micturition urgency.
The most common (>10%) adverse reactions, including laboratory abnormalities (>15%), were glucose increased, instillation site discharge, triglycerides increased, fatigue, bladder spasm, micturition (urination) urgency, creatinine increased, hematuria (blood in urine), phosphate decreased, chills, dysuria, and pyrexia (fever).
Tables 1 and 2 summarize adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, in patients on ADSTILADRIN in CS-003.
Clinically relevant adverse reaction in <10% of patients who received ADSTILADRIN include syncope (fainting) (1.3%).
| |
| Adverse Reaction | ADSTILADRIN (n=157) *Grades 1 or 2 (%) |
| General disorders and administration site conditions | - |
| Instillation site discharge | 33 |
| Fatigue | 24 |
| Chills | 16 |
| Pyrexia | 15 |
| Renal and urinary disorders | - |
| Bladder spasm | 20 |
| Micturition urgency | 19 |
| Hematuria | 17 |
| Dysuria | 16 |
Clinically relevant adverse reactions in <10% of patients who received ADSTILADRIN included coronary artery disease (1.3%), acute coronary syndrome (1.3%), atrial fibrillation (1.3%), dehydration (1.3%), hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) (1.3%), syncope (fainting) (1.3%), heart failure (0.6%), pericarditis, (0.6%), brain edema (swelling) (0.6%), bile duct stone (0.6%), and sepsis (0.6%).
Table 2 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in CS-003.
| ||
| Laboratory Abnormality | ADSTILADRIN * (All Grades, %) | ADSTILADRIN * (Grade 3 or 4, %) |
| Chemistry | - | - |
| Glucose increased | 38 | 6 |
| Triglycerides increased | 30 | 1.9 |
| Creatinine increased | 17 | 0 |
| Phosphate decreased | 16 | 1.4 |
| Hematology | - | - |
| Hemoglobin decreased | 16 | 0.6 |
ADSTILADRIN (nadofaragene firadenovec-vncg) is a non-replicating adenoviral vector-based gene therapy for intravesical instillation.
It is a recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 vector containing a transgene encoding the human interferon alfa-2b (IFNα2b).
ADSTILADRIN has a nominal concentration of 3 x 1011 vp/mL.
A single-use vial of ADSTILADRIN contains an extractable volume of 20 mL and the following excipients: [N-(3-cholamidopropyl)-N-(3-lactobionamidopropyl)]-cholamide (Syn3) (0.95 mg/mL), citric acid monohydrate (0.01 mg/mL), glycerol (84 mg/mL), hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (7.9 mg/mL), magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.34 mg/mL), polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) (0.48 mg/mL), sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (1.4 mg/mL), sucrose (17 mg/mL), tri-sodium citrate dihydrate (0.04 mg/mL), tromethamine (1.4 mg/mL) and Water for Injection (q.s. 1 mL).
ADSTILADRIN is a sterile, clear to opalescent suspension, and contains no preservative.
Mechanism of Action
ADSTILADRIN is a non-replicating adenoviral vector-based gene therapy designed to deliver a copy of a gene encoding a human interferon-alfa 2b (IFNα2b) to the bladder urothelium. Intravesical instillation of ADSTILADRIN results in cell transduction and transient local expression of the IFNα2b protein that is anticipated to have anti-tumor effects.
Pharmacodynamics
A Phase 1 first-in-human study was performed to determine the safety, tolerability, and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ADSTILADRIN in 17 patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC. Five dose levels (3 x 109 vp/mL, 1 x 1010 vp/mL, 3 x 1010 vp/mL, 1 x 1011 vp/mL, and 3 x 1011 vp/mL; all in a dose volume of 75 mL) of ADSTILADRIN were tested and quantifiable concentrations of the pharmacodynamic marker IFNα2b protein were detected in the urine of all patients, with the exception of two patients at the lowest dose level. Measurable concentrations of urine IFNα2b protein up to Day 10 post-dose suggested expression of IFNα2b in the bladder. In a Phase 2 study, all patients had quantifiable concentrations of IFNα2b protein in the urine at Day 2 after dosing with ADSTILADRIN at two different dose levels (1 x 1011 vp/mL and 3 x 1011 vp/mL). Measurable concentrations of urine IFNα2b protein was detected up to Day 12 post-dose. This was more common in patients at the high dose level.
Generally, higher IFNα2b concentrations and exposure were observed with increasing doses of ADSTILADRIN.
Pharmacokinetics
Nonclinical data
Human IFN protein in urine, and vector-specific DNA in blood and tissue samples, were detectable following ADSTILADRIN dosing in monkeys, with higher levels at higher doses. All monkeys had vector-specific DNA in the bladder tissue at necropsy on Days 8 and 98 (i.e., seven days after the first and second dose, respectively). Vector-specific DNA was also detected in a limited number of monkeys in the liver, kidney and gonad. At Day 148, only one animal showed vector-specific DNA in one tissue (kidney).
Clinical data
ADSTILADRIN biodistribution and shedding were investigated in two clinical studies. Only a single patient receiving a second dose in one study (Phase 2 study) at dose level of 3 x 1011 vp/mL (2.25 x 1013 vp) had measurable vector DNA in blood; no other patients in either study had measurable vector DNA at one hour post-dosing in blood. In urine, measurable vector DNA was detected in both studies. Generally, a higher frequency of detection of urine samples positive for vector-derived DNA, and persistence of vector-derived DNA, correlated with increasing dose level.
At the dose level of 3 x 1011 vp/mL (2.25 x 1013 vp), one patient (out of 4 enrolled) had detectable levels of vector DNA at Day 14 in the Phase 1 study and 16 subjects (out of 19 at visit) had detectable levels of vector DNA at Day 12 in the Phase 2 study.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
No animal studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of ADSTILADRIN on carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, or impairment of fertility.
Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology
In cynomolgus monkeys, two repeat intravesical administrations of ADSTILADRIN of either 2.5 x 1011 or 1.25 x 1013 viral particles (1 x 1011 or 5x1011 viral particles/mL, 90 days apart) were associated with inflammation, urothelial hyperplasia, cytoplasmic vacuolation, and focal/multifocal ulceration in the urinary bladder and irritation in the ureter and urethra at necropsy 7 days after the first and second doses. Near complete resolution of these findings was observed following the 57-day recovery period after the second administration, with minimal fibrosis in the lamina propria of the bladder in a limited number of monkeys. Both dose level groups developed antibodies to the adenovirus and human interferon protein.
The efficacy of ADSTILADRIN was evaluated in CS-003 , an open-label, multicenter, single-arm trial in 103 adults with BCG-unresponsive, high-risk, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with carcinoma in situ (CIS) with or without papillary tumors following transurethral resection, of whom 98 were considered evaluable for response. BCG-unresponsive high-risk NMIBC was defined as persistent disease following adequate BCG therapy, disease recurrence after an initial tumor-free state following adequate BCG therapy, or T1 disease following a single induction course of BCG. Adequate BCG was defined as the administration of at least five of six doses of an initial induction course plus either of: at least two of three doses of maintenance therapy or at least two of six doses of a second induction course. Prior to treatment, all patients had undergone transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) to remove all resectable disease (Ta and T1 components). Residual CIS (Tis components) not amenable to complete resection was allowed. The trial excluded patients with extra-vesical (i.e., urethra, ureter, or renal pelvis), muscle invasive (T2-T4), or metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
Patients received ADSTILADRIN 75 mL intravesical instillation (3 x 1011 vp) once every three months for up to 12 months (four doses) or until unacceptable toxicity or recurrent high-grade (HG) NMIBC. Patients without evidence of HG recurrence were allowed to continue ADSTILADRIN treatment every three months.
The major efficacy outcome measures were complete response (CR) at any time (as defined by negative results for cystoscopy [with TURBT/biopsies as applicable] and urine cytology) and duration of response. Low-grade (Ta) papillary disease was not considered a recurrence for the purposes of evaluating CR. CR was assessed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months by cystoscopy and cytology. Random bladder biopsy of five sites was conducted in patients remaining in CR at Month 12. Assessment of durability of CR subsequent to these evaluations was performed per local standards of care.
The evaluable CIS study population characteristics were median age of 70 (range 44-89) with 32% >75 years of age; 88% male, 92% White. Tumor pattern at study entry was CIS with T1 (5%), CIS with high-grade Ta (19%), and CIS (76%). The median number of instillations of prior BCG was 12 (range 8 to 18).
Efficacy results are summarized in Table 3.
| |
| Efficacy Outcome Measure | ADSTILADRIN (n=98) |
| Complete Response Rate, % | 51% |
| (95% CI) | (41%, 61%) |
| Duration of Response * | - |
| Median in months (range) | 9.7 (3, 52+) |
| % with duration ≥ 12 months | 46% |
ADSTILADRIN is shipped frozen at ≤ -60°C (≤ -76°F) in an insulated shipping box that will maintain the required temperature for a minimum of 72 hours after being sealed. Each carton (NDC 55566-1050-1) contains a removable cardboard nest of four (4) clear glass vials of ADSTILADRIN. Each vial (NDC 55566-1050-0) contains a sterile frozen suspension with an extractable volume of 20 mL and is sealed with a bromobutyl rubber stopper and a tamper-evident aluminum crimp.
Upon receipt, cartons of ADSTILADRIN can be stored as indicated below:
- In a freezer ≤ -60°C (≤ -76°F) until expiry date printed on the carton.
- In a freezer between -25°C to -15°C (-13°F to 5°F) up to 3 months, without exceeding the original expiry date printed on the vial and outer carton.
- When stored in freezer, the date of placement in freezer should be noted. In addition, the date for when the carton should be discarded if not used, must be written on the outer carton. These dates should be three months apart but should not past the original expiry date. This discard date supersedes the original expiry date.
When thawed, ADSTILADRIN is a clear to opalescent suspension, with nominal concentration of 3 × 1011 viral particles (vp)/mL.
Prior to use, ADSTILADRIN must be brought to room temperature (20°C to 25°C [68°F to 77°F]). Once it is taken out of the freezer, the vials may be stored for up to 24 hours at room temperature and a total of up to 7 days refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F), including thawing time.
After withdrawing the suspension into syringes, the syringes may be stored for up to 6 hours at room temperature (20°C to 25°C [68°F to 77°F]).
• Protect the vials from light. [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2)].
• DO NOT REFREEZE
• ADSTILADRIN is a non-replicating adenoviral vector-based gene therapy. Follow universal biosafety precautions for handling [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2)].
• Dispose of unused product and disposable materials that may have come in contact with ADSTILADRIN in accordance with local biosafety guidelines applicable for handling and disposal of the biohazard waste.
Mechanism of Action
ADSTILADRIN is a non-replicating adenoviral vector-based gene therapy designed to deliver a copy of a gene encoding a human interferon-alfa 2b (IFNα2b) to the bladder urothelium. Intravesical instillation of ADSTILADRIN results in cell transduction and transient local expression of the IFNα2b protein that is anticipated to have anti-tumor effects.