Sodium Chloride
Sodium Chloride Prescribing Information
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is indicated as pharmaceutic aid and diluent for the infusion of compatible drug additives. Refer to prescribing information accompanying additive drugs.
This solution is for intravenous use only.
Dosage is to be directed by a physician and is dependent upon age, weight, clinical condition of the patient and laboratory determinations. Frequent laboratory determinations and clinical evaluation are essential to monitor changes in blood glucose and electrolyte concentrations, and fluid and electrolyte balance during prolonged parenteral therapy.
In the average adult, daily requirements of sodium and chloride are met by the infusion of one liter of 0.9% sodium chloride (154 mEq each of sodium and chloride).
There is no specific pediatric dose. The dose is dependent on weight, clinical condition and laboratory results. Follow recommendations of appropriate pediatric reference text. (See
Safety and effectiveness of sodium chloride injections in pediatric patients have not been established by adequate and well controlled trials, however, the use of electrolyte solutions in the pediatric population is referenced in the medical literature. The warnings, precautions and adverse reactions identified in the label copy should be observed in the pediatric population.
Safety and effectiveness of sodium chloride injections in pediatric patients have not been established by adequate and well controlled trials, however, the use of electrolyte solutions in the pediatric population is referenced in the medical literature. The warnings, precautions and adverse reactions identified in the label copy should be observed in the pediatric population.
Fluid administration should be based on calculated maintenance or replacement fluid requirements for each patient.
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP may also be administered intravascularly as a priming fluid in hemodialysis procedures.
When Sodium Chloride Injections USP are used as diluents for infusion of compatible drug additives, refer to dosage and administration information accompanying additive drugs.
Some additives may be incompatible. Consult with pharmacist. When introducing additives, use aseptic techniques. Mix thoroughly.
Do not store.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
This solution is contraindicated where the administration of sodium or chloride could be clinically detrimental.
Reactions which may occur because of the solution, added drugs or the technique of reconstitution or administration include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection, extravasation and hypervolemia. Carefully review the prescribing information for the diluted drug.
The physician should also be alert to the possibility of adverse reactions to drug additives. Prescribing information for drug additives to be administered in this manner should be consulted.
Symptoms may result from an excess or deficit of one or more of the ions present in the solution; therefore, frequent monitoring of electrolyte levels is essential.
Hypernatremia may be associated with edema and exacerbation of congestive heart failure due to the retention of water, resulting in an expanded extracellular fluid volume.
If infused in large amounts, chloride ions may cause a loss of bicarbonate ions, resulting in an acidifying effect.
If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures, and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.
Each 1 mL of
Sodium Chloride USP 9 mg
Water for Injection USP qs
pH: 5.6 (4.5-7.0)
Calculated Osmolarity: 0.308 mOsmol/mL
pH adjusted with Hydrochloric Acid NF
Concentration of Electrolytes (mEq/liter): Sodium 154 Chloride 154
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP is sterile, nonpyrogenic, isotonic and contains no bacteriostatic or antimicrobial agents.
The formula of the active ingredient is:
| Ingredient | Molecular Formula | Molecular Weight |
| Sodium Chloride USP | NaCI | 58.44 |
Not made with natural rubber latex, PVC or DEHP.
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP provides electrolytes and is a source of water for hydration. It is capable of inducing diuresis depending on the clinical condition of the patient.
Sodium, the major cation of the extracellular fluid, functions primarily in the control of water distribution, fluid balance, and osmotic pressure of body fluids. Sodium is also associated with chloride and bicarbonate in the regulation of the acid-base equilibrium of body fluid.
Chloride, the major extracellular anion, closely follows the metabolism of sodium, and changes in the acid-base balance of the body are reflected by changes in the chloride concentration.