Krazati
(adagrasib)Dosage & Administration
Get Your Patient on Krazati
Krazati Prescribing Information
KRAS G12C-Mutated Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
KRAZATI, as a single-agent, is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as determined by an FDA-approved test [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)], who have received at least one prior systemic therapy.
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR) [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of a clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.
KRAS G12C-Mutated Locally Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
KRAZATI in combination with cetuximab is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), as determined by an FDA-approved test [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)], who have received prior treatment with fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based chemotherapy.
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on ORR and DOR [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of a clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.
Patient Selection
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Select patients for treatment of locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with KRAZATI based on the presence of KRAS G12C mutation in plasma or tumor specimens [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. If no mutation is detected in a plasma specimen, test tumor tissue.
Colorectal Cancer
Select patients for treatment of locally advanced or metastatic CRC with KRAZATI based on the presence of KRAS G12C mutation in tumor specimens [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
Information on FDA-approved tests for the detection of a KRAS G12C mutation is available at: https://www.fda.gov/CompanionDiagnostics
Recommended Dosage
The recommended dosage of KRAZATI as a single agent or in combination with cetuximab is 600 mg orally twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Refer to the cetuximab prescribing information for cetuximab dosage information [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
Take KRAZATI at the same time every day with or without food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Swallow tablets whole. Do not chew, crush or split tablets.
If vomiting occurs after taking KRAZATI, do not take an additional dose. Resume dosing at the next scheduled time.
If a dose is inadvertently missed, it should be skipped if greater than 4 hours have elapsed from the expected dosing time. Resume dosing at the next scheduled time.
Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions
Recommended dose reductions for adverse reactions for use of KRAZATI as a single agent or in combination with cetuximab are outlined in Table 1. If adverse reactions occur, a maximum of two dose reductions are permitted. Permanently discontinue KRAZATI in patients who are unable to tolerate 600 mg once daily.
Dose Reduction | Dosage |
First dose reduction | 400 mg twice daily |
Second dose reduction | 600 mg once daily |
Refer to the cetuximab prescribing information for dose modifications for adverse reactions associated with cetuximab.
When KRAZATI is administered in combination with cetuximab, withhold or permanently discontinue cetuximab when KRAZATI is withheld or permanently discontinued.
Treatment with KRAZATI as a single agent may be continued if cetuximab is permanently discontinued. [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1), Clinical Studies (14.2)].
The recommended dosage modifications for adverse reactions are provided in Table 2.
| ALT = alanine aminotransferase; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ILD = Interstitial Lung Disease; ULN = upper limit of normal | ||
| ||
Adverse Reaction | Severity * | Dosage Modification † |
Nausea or vomiting despite appropriate supportive care (including anti-emetic therapy) | Grade 3 or 4 |
|
Diarrhea despite appropriate supportive care (including anti-diarrheal therapy) | Grade 3 or 4 |
|
QTc Interval Prolongation | QTc absolute value greater than 500 ms |
|
Torsade de pointes, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia or signs or symptoms of serious or life-threatening arrhythmia |
| |
Hepatotoxicity | Grade 2 |
|
Grade 3 or 4 |
| |
AST or ALT > 3 × ULN with total bilirubin > 2 × ULN in the absence of alternative causes |
| |
Interstitial Lung Disease / Pneumonitis | Any Grade |
|
Other Adverse Reactions | Grade 3 or 4 |
|
Tablets: 200 mg, oval shaped, white to off-white, immediate release film coated tablets with "200" on one side and stylized "M" on the opposite side.
Pregnancy
Risk Summary
There are no available data on the use of KRAZATI in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of adagrasib to pregnant rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis did not cause adverse development effects or embryo-fetal lethality at exposures below the human exposure at the recommended dose of 600 mg twice daily (see Data).
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
Data
Animal Data
In a rat embryo-fetal development study, once daily oral administration of adagrasib to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis resulted in maternal toxicity (reduced body weight and food intake, and adverse clinical signs leading to moribund condition and early termination) and lower fetal body weight at 270 mg/kg dose level (approximately 2 times the recommended dose of 600 mg twice daily based on body surface area [BSA]). Adagrasib induced skeletal malformations, such as bent limbs, and skeletal variations, such as bent scapula, wavy ribs, and supernumerary short cervical ribs at 270 mg/kg, which were secondary to maternal toxicity and reduced fetal body weight.
In a rabbit embryo-fetal development study, once daily oral administration of adagrasib during the period of organogenesis resulted in lower fetal body weight and increased litter frequency of unossified sternebra at 30 mg/kg (approximately 0.11 times the human exposure based on area under the curve [AUC] at the clinical dose of 600 mg twice daily). This skeletal variation was associated with maternal toxicities, including reduced mean body weight and decreased food consumption. Adagrasib exposure did not cause adverse developmental effects and did not affect embryo-fetal survival in rabbits at doses up to 30 mg/kg once daily.
Lactation
Risk Summary
There are no data on the presence of adagrasib or its metabolites in human milk, the effects on the breastfed child, or on milk production. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed children, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with KRAZATI and for 1 week after the last dose.
Females and Males of Reproductive Potential
Infertility
Based on findings from animal studies, KRAZATI may impair fertility in females and males of reproductive potential [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].
Pediatric Use
The safety and effectiveness of KRAZATI has not been established in pediatric patients.
Geriatric Use
Of 116 patients with metastatic NSCLC who received adagrasib 600 mg orally twice daily in KRYSTAL-1, 49% (57 patients) were ≥ 65 years of age and 13% (15 patients) were ≥ 75 years of age. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between older and younger patients.
Of 94 patients with metastatic CRC who received adagrasib 600 mg orally twice daily in combination with cetuximab in KRISTAL-1, 33% (31 patients) were ≥ 65 years of age and 2.1% (2 patients) were ≥ 75 years of age. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between older and younger patients.
None.
Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions
KRAZATI can cause severe gastrointestinal adverse reactions.
In the pooled safety population [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)], who received single-agent KRAZATI, serious gastrointestinal adverse reactions observed were gastrointestinal bleeding in 3.8% including 0.8% Grade 3 or 4, gastrointestinal obstruction in 1.6% including 1.4% Grade 3 or 4, colitis in 0.5% including 0.3% Grade 3, ileus in 0.5%, and stenosis in 0.3%. In addition, nausea, diarrhea, or vomiting occurred in 89% of 366 patients, including 9% Grade 3. Nausea, diarrhea, or vomiting led to dosage interruption or dose reduction in 29% of patients and permanent discontinuation of adagrasib in 0.3%.
In patients who received KRAZATI in combination with cetuximab [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)], serious gastrointestinal adverse reactions included gastrointestinal bleeding in 8.5% including 1.1% Grade 3 or 4, gastrointestinal obstruction in 5.3% including 5.3% Grade 3 or 4, colitis in 1.1% including 1.1% Grade 3 and ileus in 1.1%. In addition, nausea, diarrhea, or vomiting occurred in 92% of 94 patients, including 6% Grade 3. Nausea, diarrhea, or vomiting led to adagrasib dose interruption or dose reduction in 23% of patients.
Monitor and manage patients using supportive care, including antidiarrheals, antiemetics, or fluid replacement, as indicated. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue KRAZATI based on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
QTc Interval Prolongation
KRAZATI can cause QTc interval prolongation, which can increase the risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmias (e.g., torsades de pointes) or sudden death.
In the pooled safety population [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] who received single-agent KRAZATI, 6% of 366 patients with at least one post-baseline electrocardiogram (ECG) assessment had an average QTc ≥ 501 msec and 11% of patients had an increase from baseline of QTc > 60 msec. KRAZATI causes concentration-dependent increases in the QTc interval [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].
In patients who received KRAZATI in combination with cetuximab [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)], 5% of 93 patients with at least one post-baseline electrocardiogram (ECG) assessment had an average QTc ≥ 501 msec and 16% of patients had an increase from baseline of QTc > 60 msec.
Avoid concomitant use of KRAZATI with other products with a known potential to prolong the QTc interval [see Drug Interactions (7.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. Avoid use of KRAZATI in patients with congenital long QT syndrome and in patients with concurrent QTc prolongation.
Monitor ECGs and electrolytes, particularly potassium and magnesium, prior to starting KRAZATI, during concomitant use, and as clinically indicated in patients with congestive heart failure, bradyarrhythmias, electrolyte abnormalities, and in patients who are unable to avoid concomitant medications that are known to prolong the QT interval. Correct electrolyte abnormalities. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue KRAZATI depending on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
Hepatotoxicity
KRAZATI can cause hepatotoxicity, which may lead to drug-induced liver injury and hepatitis.
In the pooled safety population of 366 patients [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] who received single-agent KRAZATI, drug-induced liver injury was reported in 0.3% of patients, including 0.3% Grade 3. A total of 32% of patients who received adagrasib had increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST); 5% were Grade 3 and 0.5% were Grade 4. The median time to first onset of increased ALT/AST was 3 weeks (range: 0.1 to 48). Overall hepatotoxicity occurred in 37%, and 7% were Grade 3 or 4. Hepatotoxicity leading to dose interruption or reduction occurred in 12% of patients. Adagrasib was discontinued due to hepatotoxicity in 0.5% of patients.
In patients who received KRAZATI in combination with cetuximab [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)], 29% had increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST); 5% were Grade 3 and 1.1% were Grade 4. The median time to first onset of increased ALT/AST was 4 weeks (range: 0.1 to 27). Overall hepatotoxicity occurred in 38%, and 10% were Grade 3 or 4. Hepatotoxicity leading to adagrasib dose interruption or reduction occurred in 12% of patients.
Monitor liver laboratory tests (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin) prior to the start of KRAZATI and monthly for 3 months or as clinically indicated, with more frequent testing in patients who develop transaminase elevations. Reduce the dose, withhold, or permanently discontinue KRAZATI based on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Interstitial Lung Disease / Pneumonitis
KRAZATI can cause interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis, which can be fatal.
In the pooled safety population [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] who received single-agent KRAZATI, ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 4.1% of patients, 1.4% were Grade 3 or 4, and one case was fatal. The median time to first onset for ILD/pneumonitis was 12 weeks (range: 5 to 31 weeks). Adagrasib was discontinued due to ILD/pneumonitis in 0.8% of patients.
In patients who received KRAZATI in combination with cetuximab [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)], Grade 1 ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 1.1% of patients. The time to first onset for ILD/pneumonitis was 38 weeks.
Monitor patients for new or worsening respiratory symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis (e.g., dyspnea, cough, fever) during treatment with KRAZATI. Withhold KRAZATI in patients with suspected ILD/pneumonitis and permanently discontinue KRAZATI if no other potential causes of ILD/pneumonitis are identified [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:
- •
- Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
- •
- QTc Interval Prolongation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
- •
- Hepatotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]
- •
- Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)/Pneumonitis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The pooled safety population described in the WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS reflect exposure to adagrasib as a single agent at 600 mg orally twice daily in 366 patients with NSCLC and other solid tumors enrolled in KRYSTAL-1 and KRYSTAL-12 (NCT04685135), respectively. Among 366 patients who received adagrasib, 39% of patients were exposed for 6 months or longer and 12% were exposed for greater than one year. In this pooled safety population, the most common (≥ 25%) adverse reactions were nausea (70%), diarrhea (69%), vomiting (57%), fatigue (55%), musculoskeletal pain (38%), hepatotoxicity (37%), renal impairment (33%), edema (30%), dyspnea (26%), and decreased appetite (29%). In this pooled safety population, the most common Grade 3 or 4 (≥ 2%) laboratory abnormalities were decreased lymphocytes (20%), decreased hemoglobin (7%), increased alanine aminotransferase (4.5%), increased aspartate aminotransferase (4.2%), hypokalemia (3.6%), hyponatremia (3.4%), increased lipase (2.5%), decreased leukocytes (2.5%), decreased neutrophils (2.3%), and increased alkaline phosphatase (2.0%).
The data described in WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and below also reflects exposure to adagrasib in combination with cetuximab in 94 patients with KRAS G12C-mutated, locally advanced or metastatic CRC in KRYSTAL-1.
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
The safety of adagrasib was evaluated in patients with KRAS G12C-mutated, locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC in KRYSTAL-1 [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Patients received adagrasib 600 mg orally twice daily (n = 116). Among patients who received adagrasib, 45% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 4% were exposed for greater than one year.
The median age of patients who received adagrasib was 64 years (range 25 to 89), 56% female, 84% White, 8% Black or African American, and 4.3% Asian.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 57% of patients who received adagrasib. Serious adverse reactions in ≥ 2% of patients were pneumonia (17%), dyspnea (9%), renal impairment (8%), sepsis (5%), hypoxia (4.3%), pleural effusion (4.3%), respiratory failure (4.3%), anemia (3.4%), cardiac failure (3.4%), hyponatremia (3.4%), hypotension (3.4%), muscular weakness (3.4%), pyrexia (3.4%), dehydration (2.6%), diarrhea (2.6%), mental status changes (2.6%), pulmonary embolism (2.6%), and pulmonary hemorrhage (2.6%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 11% of patients who received adagrasib due to pneumonia (3.4%), respiratory failure (1.7%), sudden death (1.7%), cardiac failure (0.9%), cerebrovascular accident (0.9%), mental status change (0.9%), pulmonary embolism (0.9%), and pulmonary hemorrhage (0.9%).
Permanent discontinuation of adagrasib due to an adverse reaction occurred in 13% of patients. Adverse reactions which resulted in permanent discontinuation of adagrasib occurring in two patients each (1.7%) were pneumonia and pneumonitis and occurring in one patient each (0.9%) were cerebrovascular accident, dyspnea, decreased ejection fraction, encephalitis, gastrointestinal obstruction, hemorrhage, hepatotoxicity, hypotension, muscular weakness, pulmonary embolism, pyrexia, respiratory failure and sepsis.
Dose interruptions of adagrasib due to an adverse reaction occurred in 77% of patients. Adverse reactions requiring dosage interruption in ≥ 2% of patients who received adagrasib included nausea, hepatotoxicity, fatigue, vomiting, pneumonia, renal impairment, diarrhea, QTc interval prolongation, anemia, dyspnea, increased lipase, decreased appetite, dizziness, hyponatremia, muscular weakness, increased amylase, pneumonitis, sepsis and decreased weight.
Dose reductions of adagrasib due to an adverse reaction occurred in 28% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dose reductions in ≥ 2% of patients who received adagrasib included hepatotoxicity, fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and renal impairment.
The most common adverse reactions (≥ 20%) were diarrhea, nausea, fatigue, vomiting, musculoskeletal pain, hepatotoxicity, renal impairment, dyspnea, edema, decreased appetite, cough, pneumonia, dizziness, constipation, abdominal pain, and QTc interval prolongation. The most common laboratory abnormalities (≥ 25%) were decreased lymphocytes, increased aspartate aminotransferase, decreased sodium, decreased hemoglobin, increased creatinine, decreased albumin, increased alanine aminotransferase, increased lipase, decreased platelets, decreased magnesium, and decreased potassium.
Table 3 summarizes the adverse reactions in KRYSTAL-1.
| ||
Adverse Reaction | Adagrasib | |
All Grades | Grade 3 or 4 | |
Gastrointestinal Disorders | ||
Diarrhea * | 70 | 0.9 |
Nausea | 69 | 4.3 |
Vomiting * | 56 | 0.9 |
Constipation | 22 | 0 |
Abdominal pain * | 21 | 0 |
General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions | ||
Fatigue * | 59 | 7 |
Edema * | 32 | 0 |
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders | ||
Musculoskeletal pain * | 41 | 7 |
Hepatobiliary Disorders | ||
Hepatotoxicity *, † | 37 | 10 |
Renal and Urinary Disorders | ||
Renal impairment *, ‡ | 36 | 6 |
Respiratory | ||
Dyspnea * | 35 | 10 |
Cough * | 24 | 0.9 |
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders | ||
Decreased appetite | 30 | 4.3 |
Infections and Infestations | ||
Pneumonia * | 24 | 17 |
Nervous System Disorders | ||
Dizziness * | 23 | 0.9 |
Cardiac Disorders | ||
Electrocardiogram QT prolonged | 20 | 6 |
Table 4 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in KRYSTAL-1.
| ||
Laboratory Abnormality | Adagrasib * | |
All Grades | Grade 3 or 4 | |
Hematology | ||
Lymphocytes decreased | 64 | 25 |
Hemoglobin decreased | 51 | 8 |
Platelets decreased | 27 | 0 |
Chemistry | ||
Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 52 | 6 |
Sodium decreased | 52 | 8 |
Creatinine increased | 50 | 0 |
Albumin decreased | 50 | 0.9 |
Alanine aminotransferase increased | 46 | 5 |
Lipase increased | 35 | 1.8 |
Magnesium decreased | 26 | 0 |
Potassium decreased | 26 | 3.5 |
Colorectal Cancer
The safety of adagrasib combined with cetuximab was evaluated in 94 patients with KRAS G12C-mutated, locally advanced or metastatic CRC in KRYSTAL-1 [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]. Patients started treatment with adagrasib 600 mg twice daily in combination with cetuximab weekly (n = 17) or every two weeks (n = 77). Among patients who received adagrasib in combination with cetuximab, 60% were exposed for greater than 6 months and 12% were exposed for greater than 12 months.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 30% of patients who received adagrasib in combination with cetuximab. The most common serious adverse reactions (≥ 2%) were pneumonia (4.3%), pleural effusion, pyrexia, acute kidney injury, dehydration, and small intestinal obstruction (2.1% each).
A fatal adverse reaction of pneumonia occurred in 1 patient who received adagrasib in combination with cetuximab.
Adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of adagrasib occurred in 2 patients. Adverse reactions which resulted in permanent discontinuation of adagrasib (1 patient each) included abdominal pain and prolonged QT interval.
Adverse reactions leading to dose interruptions of adagrasib occurred in 62% of patients. The most common adverse reactions or laboratory abnormalities leading to dose interruption in ≥ 2% of patients who received adagrasib included diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, headache, pneumonia, alanine aminotransferase increased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, dyspnea, fatigue, pleural effusion, rash, anemia, electrocardiogram QT prolongation, blood bilirubin increased, blood creatinine increased, decreased appetite, dehydration, hemorrhage, hypomagnesemia, lipase increased, muscular weakness, musculoskeletal pain, and pyrexia.
Adverse reactions leading to dose reductions of adagrasib occurred in 35% of patients. The most common adverse reactions or laboratory abnormalities leading to dose reductions in ≥ 2% of patients who received adagrasib included fatigue, increased aspartate aminotransferase, increased alanine aminotransferase, nausea, decreased appetite, electrocardiogram QT prolongation, dizziness, acute kidney injury, diarrhea, dysarthria, and vomiting.
The most common adverse reactions (≥ 20%) were rash, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, hepatotoxicity, headache, dry skin, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, edema, anemia, dizziness, cough, constipation, and peripheral neuropathy.
The most common laboratory abnormalities (≥ 25%) were decreased lymphocytes, decreased hemoglobin, decreased leukocytes, increased alanine aminotransferase, decreased magnesium, decreased albumin, increased lipase, decreased potassium, increased aspartate aminotransferase, increased creatinine, decreased sodium, decreased calcium, increased amylase, and increased alkaline phosphatase.
Table 5 summarizes the adverse reactions in patients with metastatic CRC in KRYSTAL-1.
| ||
Adverse Reaction * | Adagrasib in Combination with Cetuximab | |
All Grades | Grade 3 or 4 | |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | ||
Rash † | 84 | 4.3 |
Dry skin | 36 | 0 |
Gastrointestinal Disorders | ||
Nausea | 68 | 2.1 |
Diarrhea † | 65 | 5 |
Vomiting † | 57 | 0 |
Abdominal pain † | 30 | 4.3 |
Constipation | 23 | 0 |
General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions | ||
Fatigue † | 57 | 3.2 |
Musculoskeletal pain † | 47 | 4.3 |
Edema † | 28 | 0 |
Hepatobiliary Disorders | ||
Hepatotoxicity † | 38 | 10 |
Nervous System Disorders | ||
Headache | 37 | 4.3 |
Dizziness † | 24 | 2.1 |
Peripheral neuropathy † | 20 | 1.1 |
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders | ||
Decreased appetite | 30 | 0 |
Blood and lymphatic system disorders | ||
Anemia | 27 | 7 |
Respiratory | ||
Cough † | 25 | 0 |
Other clinically relevant adverse reactions observed in less than 20% of patients were infusion related reactions (15%).
Table 6 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in patients with metastatic CRC in KRYSTAL-1.
| ||
Laboratory Abnormality | Adagrasib in Combination with Cetuximab * | |
All Grades | Grade 3 or 4 | |
Hematology | ||
Lymphocytes decreased | 63 | 17 |
Hemoglobin decreased | 48 | 5 |
Leukocytes decreased | 27 | 1.1 |
Chemistry | ||
Alanine aminotransferase increased | 51 | 2.2 |
Magnesium decreased | 49 | 7 |
Albumin decreased | 46 | 2.2 |
Lipase increased | 41 | 3.3 |
Potassium decreased | 40 | 9 |
Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 39 | 4.3 |
Creatinine increased | 30 | 1.1 |
Sodium decreased | 30 | 0 |
Calcium decreased | 29 | 1.1 |
Amylase increased | 29 | 0 |
Alkaline phosphatase increased | 29 | 1.1 |
Effects of Other Drugs on KRAZATI
Strong CYP3A4 Inducers
Avoid concomitant use of KRAZATI with strong CYP3A inducers.
Adagrasib is a CYP3A4 substrate. Concomitant use of KRAZATI with a strong CYP3A inducer reduces adagrasib exposure [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may reduce the effectiveness of KRAZATI.
Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors
Avoid concomitant use of KRAZATI with strong CYP3A inhibitors until adagrasib concentrations have reached steady state (after approximately 8 days).
Adagrasib is a CYP3A4 substrate. If adagrasib concentrations have not reached steady state, concomitant use of a strong CYP3A inhibitor will increase adagrasib concentrations, [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may increase the risk of KRAZATI adverse reactions.
Effects of KRAZATI on Other Drugs
Sensitive CYP3A Substrates
Avoid concomitant use of KRAZATI with sensitive CYP3A substrates unless otherwise recommended in the Prescribing Information for these substrates.
Adagrasib is a CYP3A inhibitor. Concomitant use with KRAZATI increases exposure of CYP3A substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may increase the risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates.
Sensitive CYP2C9 Substrates
Avoid concomitant use of KRAZATI with sensitive CYP2C9 substrates where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious adverse reactions unless otherwise recommended in the Prescribing Information for these substrates.
Adagrasib is a CYP2C9 inhibitor. Concomitant use with KRAZATI increases exposure of CYP2C9 substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may increase the risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates.
Sensitive CYP2D6 Substrates
Avoid concomitant use of KRAZATI with sensitive CYP2D6 substrates where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious adverse reactions unless otherwise recommended in the Prescribing Information for these substrates.
Adagrasib is a CYP2D6 inhibitor. Concomitant use with KRAZATI increases exposure of CYP2D6 substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may increase the risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates.
P-gp Substrates
Avoid concomitant use of KRAZATI with P-gp substrates where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious adverse reactions unless otherwise recommended in the Prescribing Information for these substrates.
Adagrasib is a P-gp inhibitor. Concomitant use with KRAZATI increases exposure of P-gp substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may increase the risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates.
Drugs That Prolong QTc Interval
Avoid concomitant use of KRAZATI with other product(s) with a known potential to prolong the QTc interval. If concomitant use cannot be avoided, monitor electrocardiogram and electrolytes prior to starting KRAZATI, during concomitant use, and as clinically indicated [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Withhold KRAZATI if the QTc interval is > 500 ms or the change from baseline is > 60 ms [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
Adagrasib causes QTc interval prolongation [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. Concomitant use of KRAZATI with other products that prolong the QTc interval may result in a greater increase in the QTc interval and adverse reactions associated with QTc interval prolongation, including Torsade de pointes, other serious arrythmias, and sudden death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Adagrasib is an irreversible inhibitor of KRAS G12C and belongs to the RAS GTPase family. The molecular formula is C32H35ClFN7O2 and the molecular weight is 604.1 g/mol. The chemical name is {(2S)-4-[7-(8-chloronaphthalen-1-yl)-2-{[(2S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]- methoxy}-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-1-(2-fluoroprop-2-enoyl)piperazin-2-yl}acetonitrile. Adagrasib has the following chemical structure:
Adagrasib is a crystalline solid. The solubility of adagrasib in the aqueous media decreases over the range pH 1.2 to 7.4 from > 262 mg/mL to < 0.010 mg/mL.
KRAZATI (adagrasib) tablets for oral administration contain 200 mg of adagrasib. The following are inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, magnesium stearate (vegetable sourced), mannitol, and microcrystalline cellulose. The tablet film coating contains hypromellose, maltodextrin, medium chain triglycerides (vegetable sourced), polydextrose, talc, and titanium dioxide.
Mechanism of Action
Adagrasib is an irreversible inhibitor of KRAS G12C that covalently binds to the mutant cysteine in KRAS G12C and locks the mutant KRAS protein in its inactive state that prevents downstream signaling without affecting wild-type KRAS protein. Adagrasib inhibited tumor cell growth and viability in cells harboring KRAS G12C mutations and resulted in tumor regression in KRAS G12C-mutated tumor xenograft models with minimal off-target activity. Adagrasib in combination with cetuximab had increased antitumor activity in some cell line-derived and patient-derived KRAS G12C-mutant CRC tumor xenograft models compared to adagrasib or cetuximab alone.
Pharmacodynamics
Adagrasib exposure-response relationships and the time course of pharmacodynamic response are unknown.
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Adagrasib increased QTc in a concentration-dependent manner. Based on the concentration-QTcF relationship, the mean (90% CI) QTcF change from baseline (ΔQTcF) was 18 (15, 21) ms at the mean steady-state maximum concentration (Cmax,ss) in patients after administration of adagrasib 600 mg twice daily [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Pharmacokinetics
The pharmacokinetics of adagrasib were studied in healthy subjects and in patients with KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC or CRC. Adagrasib pharmacokinetic data are presented as mean (percent coefficient of variation) unless otherwise specified.
Adagrasib AUC and Cmax increase dose proportionally over the dose range of 400 mg to 600 mg (0.67 to 1 times the approved recommended dose). Adagrasib steady-state was reached within 8 days following administration of the approved recommended dosage and accumulation was approximately 6-fold.
Absorption
The median (min, max) Tmax of adagrasib is approximately 6 (6, 12) hours.
Effect of Food
No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of adagrasib were observed following administration of a high-fat and high-calorie meal (containing approximately 900 to 1000 calories, 50% from fat).
Distribution
The apparent volume of distribution of adagrasib is 942 L (57%). Human plasma protein binding of adagrasib is approximately 98% in vitro.
Elimination
The adagrasib terminal elimination half-life is 23 hours (16%) and the apparent oral clearance (CL/F) is 37 L/h (54%) in patients.
Metabolism
Adagrasib is metabolized primarily by CYP3A4 following single dose administration. Adagrasib inhibits its own CYP3A4 metabolism following multiple dosing to steady-state which permits CYP2C8, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and CYP2D6 to contribute to its metabolism at steady-state.
Excretion
Following a single oral dose of radiolabeled adagrasib, approximately 75% of the dose was recovered in feces (14% as unchanged) and 4.5% recovered in urine (2% as unchanged).
Specific Populations
No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of adagrasib based on age (19 to 89 years), sex, race (White, Black or African American, or Asian), body weight (36 to 146 kg), ECOG PS (0, 1), tumor type (NSCLC or CRC), or tumor burden. No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of adagrasib are expected in patients with mild to severe renal impairment (CLcr 15 to < 90 mL/min estimated by Cockcroft-Gault equation) or in patients with mild to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh classes A to C).
Drug Interaction Studies
Clinical Studies and Model-Informed Approaches
The following table describes the effect of other drugs on the pharmacokinetics of adagrasib.
| Cmax = maximum plasma concentration; AUC = area under the plasma concentration-time curve | |||
| |||
Concomitant Drug | Adagrasib Dosage | Changes in Cmax or AUC of Adagrasib | |
Cmax | AUC | ||
Rifampin | 600 mg single dose | 88% | 95% |
600 mg multiple doses | > 61% * | > 66% * | |
Strong CYP3A Inhibitors: Adagrasib Cmax increased by 2.4-fold and AUC increased by 4-fold following concomitant use of a single dose of 200 mg (0.33 times the approved recommended dose) with itraconazole (a strong CYP3A inhibitor). No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of adagrasib at steady state were predicted when used concomitantly with itraconazole.
No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of adagrasib were predicted or observed when used concomitantly with efavirenz (a moderate CYP3A inducer), pantoprazole (a proton pump inhibitor), or rosuvastatin (a BCRP/OATP substrate).
The following table describes the effect of adagrasib on the pharmacokinetics of other drugs.
| Cmax = maximum plasma concentration; AUC = area under the plasma concentration-time curve | |||
| |||
Concomitant Drug | Adagrasib Dosage | Fold Increase of Concomitant Drug | |
Cmax | AUC | ||
Midazolam | 400 mg * twice daily | 4.8-fold | 21-fold |
600 mg twice daily | 3.1-fold † | 31-fold † | |
Warfarin | 600 mg twice daily | 1.1-fold † | 2.9-fold † |
Dextromethorphan | 400 mg * twice daily | 1.9-fold | 1.8-fold |
600 mg twice daily | 1.7-fold † | 2.4-fold † | |
Digoxin | 600 mg twice daily | 1.9-fold † | 1.5-fold † |
In Vitro Studies
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Enzymes: Adagrasib may inhibit CYP2B6.
Transporter Systems: Adagrasib may be a substrate of BCRP and may inhibit MATE-1/MATE-2K.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
Carcinogenicity studies have not been conducted with adagrasib.
Adagrasib was not mutagenic in an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay and was not genotoxic in an in vitro chromosomal aberration assay or an in vivo micronucleus assay in rats.
Fertility studies were not conducted with adagrasib. In toxicology studies of up to 13-weeks in duration in rats, oral administration of adagrasib induced phospholipidosis which increased vacuolation in female reproductive organs, including vacuolation in ovaries (corpora lutea, macrophage or interstitial cells) and uterus (glandular epithelium), and atrophy with mucification of the vaginal mucosa at doses ≥ 150 mg/kg (approximately equal to or greater than the human exposure at the recommended dose based on area under the curve [AUC]). These findings reversed after cessation of dosing in the 28-day study but in the 13-week study, pigmented macrophage aggregates were observed in the ovaries of female rats after the recovery period. In a 28-day repeat-dose toxicology study, oral administration of adagrasib to male rats induced atrophy and epithelial vacuolation of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles at 300 mg/kg (approximately 1.6 times the human exposure at the recommended dose based on AUC). These findings resolved after cessation of treatment.
Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology
Phospholipidosis (vacuolation and/or presence of foamy macrophages) was observed in multiple organs (e.g., lung, trachea, heart, skeletal, ovaries, uterus, adrenal gland, kidney, liver, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and thyroid in rats; and heart and lung in dogs) after repeated oral administration of adagrasib in rats and dogs. In toxicology studies of up to 13-week duration in rats, phospholipidosis was observed at doses ≥ 150 mg/kg (approximately ≥ 2 times the human exposure at the recommended dose based on AUC). In a dog 28-day toxicity study, this effect was observed at 25 mg/kg (approximately equal to the human exposure at the recommended dose based on AUC). The extent of vacuolization and the presence of foamy macrophages were more prominent in the rat compared to dogs, and evidence of reversibility after cessation of treatment was noted for most organs. The significance of this finding in humans in unknown.
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
The efficacy of adagrasib was evaluated in KRYSTAL-1 (NCT03785249), a multicenter, single-arm, open-label expansion cohort study. Eligible patients were required to have locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC who previously received treatment with a platinum-based regimen and an immune checkpoint inhibitor, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) of 0 or 1, and at least one measurable lesion as defined by Response Evaluation criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST v1.1). Identification of a KRAS G12C mutation was prospectively determined by local testing using tissue specimens. Patients received adagrasib 600 mg orally twice daily until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Tumor assessments were performed every 6 weeks. The major efficacy outcome measures were confirmed objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR) as evaluated by blinded independent central review (BICR) according to RECIST v1.1.
In the efficacy population, KRAS G12C mutation status was determined by prospective local testing using tumor tissue specimens. Of the 112 patients with KRAS G12C mutation, tissue samples from 88% (98/112) patients were tested retrospectively using the QIAGEN therascreen KRAS RGQ PCR Kit. While 89% (87/98) of patients were positive for KRAS G12C mutation, 11% (11/98) did not have a KRAS G12C mutation identified. In addition, plasma samples from 63% (71/112) patients were tested retrospectively using Agilent Resolution ctDx FIRST assay. While 66% (47/71) of patients were positive for KRAS G12C mutation, 34% (24/71) did not have a KRAS G12C mutation identified.
A total of 112 patients had at least one measurable lesion at baseline as assessed by BICR according to RECIST v1.1.
The baseline demographic and disease characteristics in the efficacy population were: median age 64 years (range: 25 to 89), 55% female, 83% White, 8% were Black or African American, 4% Asian, 4% race not reported, 0.9% American Indian or Alaska Native, 16% Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0 and 83% ECOG PS 1. Tumor histology was 97% adenocarcinoma and 89% of patients had metastatic disease. Patients received a median of 2 prior systemic therapies (range 1 to 7); 43% received 1 prior line, 35% received 2 prior lines, 10% received 3 prior lines and 12% received 4 or more prior lines, 98% received both prior platinum and prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Sites of extra-thoracic disease included bone 42%, brain 30%, adrenals 21%, and liver 21%.
Efficacy results are summarized in Table 9.
| CI = Confidence Interval | |
| |
Efficacy Parameter | Adagrasib |
Objective Response Rate (95% CI) * | 43 (34, 53) |
Complete response rate, % | 0.9 |
Partial response rate, % | 42 |
Duration of Response * | |
Median † in months (95% CI) | 8.5 (6.2, 13.8) |
Patients with duration ≥ 6 months ‡, % | 58 |
Colorectal Cancer
The efficacy of adagrasib in combination with cetuximab was evaluated in KRYSTAL-1, a multicenter, single-arm, open-label expansion cohort study. Eligible patients were required to have locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated CRC and to have previously received therapy with fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based chemotherapy, a VEGF inhibitor if eligible, and an ECOG PS of 0 or 1.
Patients initiated treatment with adagrasib 600 mg orally twice daily in combination with cetuximab administered either biweekly (77 patients with 500 mg/m2 every two weeks) or weekly (17 patients with 400 mg/m2 initial dose followed by 250 mg/m2 weekly). Treatment continued until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Tumor assessments were performed every 6 weeks. Adagrasib discontinuation required cetuximab discontinuation, however patients could continue to receive adagrasib if cetuximab was discontinued [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)]. Six patients continued with adagrasib single agent therapy after discontinuing cetuximab. The length of time these 6 patients received adagrasib alone ranged from 43 days to 3 years. Patient treatment with adagrasib after disease progression continued if a patient was clinically stable and considered to be deriving clinical benefit by the investigator.
The major efficacy outcome measures were confirmed ORR and DOR according to RECIST v1.1 as assessed by BICR.
In the efficacy population, KRAS G12C mutation status was determined by prospective local testing using tumor tissue specimens. Of the 94 patients with KRAS G12C mutation, tissue samples from 79% (74/94) patients were tested retrospectively using the QIAGEN therascreen KRAS RGQ PCR Kit. Of the 74 tissue samples submitted, 81% (60/74) yielded a result with 93% (56/60) positive for KRAS G12C and 7% (4/60) without a KRAS G12C mutation identified.
The baseline demographic and disease characteristics in the efficacy population were: median age 57 years (range: 24 to 75 years), 53% female, 71% White, 14% were Black or African American, 5% Asian, 1.1% American Indian or Alaska Native, 9% reported as other; 51% ECOG PS 0 and 49% ECOG PS 1. Tumor histology was 100% adenocarcinoma and 99% of patients had metastatic disease. Patients received a median of 3 prior systemic therapies (range 1 to 9); 9% received 1 prior line, 36% received 2 prior lines, 31% received 3 prior lines and 25% received 4 or more prior lines. Sites of metastatic disease included lung (71%), liver (64%) and bone (14%).
Efficacy results are summarized in Table 10.
| CI = Confidence Interval | |
| |
Efficacy Parameter | Adagrasib |
Objective Response Rate (95% CI) * | 34 (25, 45) |
Complete response rate, % | 0 |
Partial response rate, % | 34.0 |
Duration of Response * | |
Median † in months (95% CI) | 5.8 (4.2, 7.6) |
Patients with duration ≥ 6 months ‡, % | 31 |
How Supplied
KRAZATI (adagrasib) tablets, 200 mg, oval shaped, white to off-white, immediate release, film coated tablets with "200" on one side and stylized "M" on the other side.
KRAZATI (adagrasib) tablets are packaged in high-density polyethylene, white opaque, square bottles with desiccant and polypropylene, white, child resistant closures with a tamper-proof heat induction seal.
- NDC 80739-812-12: 200 mg, bottle containing 120 tablets.
- NDC 80739-812-18: 200 mg, bottle containing 180 tablets.
Storage and Handling
Store tablets at room temperature, 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Temperature excursions between 15°C and 30°C (59°F to 86°F) are permitted [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Mechanism of Action
Adagrasib is an irreversible inhibitor of KRAS G12C that covalently binds to the mutant cysteine in KRAS G12C and locks the mutant KRAS protein in its inactive state that prevents downstream signaling without affecting wild-type KRAS protein. Adagrasib inhibited tumor cell growth and viability in cells harboring KRAS G12C mutations and resulted in tumor regression in KRAS G12C-mutated tumor xenograft models with minimal off-target activity. Adagrasib in combination with cetuximab had increased antitumor activity in some cell line-derived and patient-derived KRAS G12C-mutant CRC tumor xenograft models compared to adagrasib or cetuximab alone.
Krazati Prior Authorization Resources
Most recent state uniform prior authorization forms
Benefits investigation
Krazati Financial Assistance Options
Copay savings program
Overview
- Reduce patient OOP costs for drug (and occasionally for drug administration/infusion costs or drug-related test costs)
Patient benefit
- A portion (or all) of patient OOP (deductible, copay), typically up to monthly and/or annual max
Patient eligibility
- Patient must enroll or activate (may permit HCPs to enroll on patient’s behalf for HCP-administered drugs)
- Generally, must have commercial insurance (rarely, may permit uninsured patients to use)
- May never be used with government insurance
How to sign up
- Cards may be downloadable digital cards or hard copies
- Some pharmacos offer debit cards with pre-loaded copay benefit
- Typically, available through multiple channels (e.g., rep to HCP to patient; pharmacy to patient; patient via website, Hub live agent, or copay vendor (live agent or IVR); patient and HCP via Hub enrollment form)
- Some HCP-administered product programs permit HCPs to enroll on a patient’s behalf through via Hub form
Bridge program
Overview
- Provide patient immediate access to therapy during an insurance delay (typically new starts; some may cover change in insurance)
- Limited time/ fill (typically 7-30 days; some may offer additional fill for continued delay up to certain limit)
Patient benefit
- 100% free (outside of insurance)
Patient eligibility
- HCP must enroll patient
- May be limited to commercially insured patients (i.e., no government beneficiaries); some programs may allow government beneficiaries
How to sign up
- Typically HCP assisted enrollment (via form)
Foundation programs
Overview
- Charitable 501(c)(3) organizations provide direct cost-sharing and other support (e.g., travel, counseling) through disease-state funds to indigent patients on first-come first-served basis
- These organizations may receive financial contributions from drug manaufacturers for particular disease-state funds that cannot provide funds directly to patients - the foundation must be independent/unaligned
Patient benefit
- Patients apply for grants that cover a portion (or all) of their out-of-pocket costs (deductibles and copays) until the grant is exhausted
Patient eligibility
- Patients must apply and meet eligibility criteria including income level (typically a multiple of federal poverty line), specific diagnosis, insurance status, etc.
How to sign up
- Patients submit proof of out-of-pocket drug costs to charities for reimbursement